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Do you really need to change power steering fluid?

The short answer is: it depends on your vehicle. Many modern cars with hydraulic power steering don’t require routine fluid changes, while older or contaminated systems may benefit from a controlled flush. If your car uses electric power steering, there is no hydraulic fluid to replace.

This article explains how power steering fluid works, when a change is advisable, how manufacturer guidance differs, and practical steps you can take to assess and service the system if needed.

Understanding the system and when fluid matters

Power steering systems rely on hydraulic fluid to lubricate moving parts, transfer hydraulic pressure, and damp vibrations. Over time, heat, moisture and wear can degrade the fluid, leading to noise, stiffer steering or reduced responsiveness. Electric power steering (EPAS) systems use no hydraulic fluid, so no fluid changes are required. The maintenance approach therefore varies by system type and vehicle model.

What changes are actually needed in practice

These points summarize how maintenance may differ across systems and when you might consider servicing the fluid.

The vehicle uses hydraulic power steering and the fluid appears dark, burnt, or contaminated.

You notice steering noises (whining, groaning) or the steering feels stiffer or less smooth than usual.

The reservoir level is consistently low due to leaks or consumption.

The fluid is dirty, discolored, foamy, or has an unusual odor.

Owner manual or dealer guidance calls for a service interval, or symptoms indicate a need for inspection.

If you observe these signs, check the fluid condition and consult the service manual or a qualified technician to determine whether a flush, a top-off, or a full replacement is appropriate.

Manufacturer guidance and typical service intervals

Guidance from automakers varies widely. Some modern hydraulic systems are marketed as maintenance-free, or require service only if contamination or a leak is present. Others specify a replacement interval or flush procedure. Electric power steering systems, which contain no hydraulic fluid, do not require any PS fluid service. Always defer to your owner's manual or dealership guidance for your specific model.

Interpreting intervals and choosing the right fluid

When a fluid change is advised, you’ll often see ranges such as 50,000–100,000 miles or roughly every 3–5 years, though this depends on the vehicle, driving conditions, and fluid type. Use the exact specification listed in your manual (for example, Dexron/Mercon-compatible hydraulic fluids or OEM-approved equivalents). If the system has not been serviced before and shows symptoms, a controlled flush is generally preferred over a simple top-off to replace most of the old fluid. Fluid changes should be performed with proper equipment to avoid introducing air into the system or causing leaks.

Many modern hydraulic PS systems don’t require routine changes; EPAS requires no fluid.

If service is recommended, intervals commonly fall in the 50,000–100,000 mile range or about 3–5 years, depending on model and usage.

Always use the exact fluid specification from the owner’s manual and avoid mixing fluids.

A full flush replaces most of the old fluid; topping off only leaves older fluid in the system.

Have the service performed by a qualified technician to prevent air entering the lines and to ensure proper bleeding of the system.

Conclusion: For many vehicles, routine PS fluid changes aren’t necessary, but older systems or those with symptoms may benefit from a targeted flush or service guided by the manufacturer’s specifications.

Practical steps for checking and servicing

If you’re considering service, here are practical, general steps to assess the need and approach the work safely. If you're unsure, a professional service is the safest route.

Check the reservoir on a level surface with the engine off and the wheels straight; confirm the correct fluid type from the manual.

Look for signs of contamination: dark color, burnt odor, or foamy appearance; inspect for leaks around hoses and the reservoir.

When topping off, use only the specified fluid and do not mix fluids; avoid overfilling the reservoir.

For a flush, follow the manufacturer-recommended procedure using proper equipment to ensure complete exchange of old fluid and proper bleeding of air.

Test-drive after service to verify smooth operation and listen for abnormal noises or hard steering, which can indicate incorrect fluid or air in the system.

Concluding: Regular checks for leaks, symptoms, and fluid condition, plus adherence to manufacturer specifications, help keep steering responsive and protect the system from premature wear.

Summary

Do you really need to change power steering fluid? Not always. Many newer vehicles with hydraulic PS are designed to operate without routine fluid changes, while older or contaminated systems may benefit from a flush or replacement. Electric power steering requires no hydraulic fluid maintenance. In all cases, consult the owner's manual for the exact guidance and consider a professional evaluation if you notice noises, stiffness, or leaks. Regular inspection remains the best safeguard for steering performance.

Is a power steering fluid flush really necessary?

Yes, you need to flush power steering fluid to remove contaminants and keep the system working properly. Flushing the fluid prevents damage to the steering pump and other components, extends the life of the system, and ensures smooth steering. It's recommended to flush it periodically, and you should check your owner's manual for specific intervals and any warnings.
Benefits of flushing power steering fluid
You can watch this video to learn how to change power steering fluid: 55sClassic Car MaintenanceYouTube · Jun 20, 2025

Removes contaminants: Over time, power steering fluid becomes dirty, which can cause wear and damage to the system.
Extends system life: Regularly flushing the fluid helps prevent costly repairs to the power steering pump and other components.
Improves performance: A flush results in smoother, more responsive steering, making it safer and more enjoyable to drive.
Prevents damage: Contaminated fluid can cause the pump to work harder, leading to premature wear and potential failure.

Signs that you need a flush

Dark, dirty, or burnt-smelling fluid in the reservoir
Noises when turning the steering wheel
Difficulty steering or a sluggish feel when turning
Leaking fluid

This video demonstrates the signs of bad power steering fluid: 55sChrisFixYouTube · May 2, 2014
How often to flush

Your owner's manual is the best source for the recommended service interval.
A general guideline is every 50,000 miles, but this can vary significantly by vehicle and driving conditions.

Important considerations

Modern systems: Some modern cars have electric power steering and do not use hydraulic fluid, so check if your vehicle has a power steering fluid reservoir before looking for it, notes a YouTube video.
Honest mechanics: While flushing is beneficial, be aware that some shops may recommend unnecessary services. Always consult your owner's manual to determine if a flush is needed based on your car's requirements, says RepairPal.

What happens if you never change power steering fluid?

If you don't change your power steering fluid, it can become contaminated with dirt and moisture, causing increased friction and wear on the system. This can lead to symptoms like whining noises and difficulty steering, and ultimately result in expensive component damage such as a failed power steering pump or a damaged rack.

What happens when power steering fluid isn't changed

Fluid contamination: Over time, the fluid breaks down and can collect debris, dirt, and moisture. This contaminates the fluid, turning it into an abrasive substance that can damage the system.
Increased friction: Contaminated fluid loses its ability to properly lubricate the components, causing friction that wears them down over time.
System wear: The contaminated fluid circulates through the hydraulic system, causing premature wear on components like the power steering pump and seals.
Symptom development: As the fluid degrades, you may notice symptoms like:
- Whining or groaning noises: from the power steering pump.
- Difficulty steering, especially at low speeds or when parking.
- Steering wheel vibrations .

Consequences of neglecting the fluid

Pump failure: A contaminated pump can fail prematurely, and replacing it can cost hundreds of dollars.
Seal and hose damage: The abrasive particles can cause seals and hoses to leak or fail, leading to further problems.
Complete system failure: In the worst-case scenario, a neglected system can fail completely, leading to poor steering response or a complete loss of power assist, which could be dangerous.

How to prevent these issues

Check the fluid level and condition regularly.
Change the fluid according to your vehicle's maintenance schedule, or every 3 to 5 years as a general guideline.
If you notice any of the signs of degraded fluid, have it changed to prevent more expensive repairs down the road.

Is it okay to mix old and new power steering fluid?

Yes, you can add new power steering fluid to old fluid, but it's best to replace it entirely to avoid potential issues. Adding new fluid can be a temporary solution, but mixing old and new fluids can lead to decreased steering performance or premature wear over time.
Why replacing is better

Degraded performance: Old fluid can become contaminated with moisture and wear particles, and its lubrication properties can degrade. Mixing can lead to decreased efficiency.
Component wear: Incompatible fluids can cause premature wear on components like the pump and seals.
Fluid types matter: Not all power steering fluids are interchangeable. Mixing different types could cause chemical reactions, such as turning the fluid into a jelly-like substance.
Potential leaks: Different fluids can damage seals, leading to leaks.

How to add new fluid temporarily

Check your owner's manual: First, identify the correct type of power steering fluid for your vehicle. Using the wrong type is a common cause of pump failure.
Siphon out old fluid: Use a turkey baster or siphon to remove as much of the old, dark fluid as you can from the reservoir.
Add new fluid: Fill the reservoir with the new, correct fluid, but do not overfill.
Circulate and repeat: Start the engine and turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times to mix the new fluid with any remaining old fluid. Then, repeat the siphoning and refilling process until the fluid being pumped out is close to the color of the new fluid.

This video demonstrates how to replace power steering fluid: 1mYour Home GarageYouTube · Jun 26, 2023

How often does power steering fluid have to be changed?

You should change your power steering fluid every 75,000 to 100,000 miles or every two to five years, but always check your owner's manual for the specific recommendation for your vehicle. A more frequent change, such as every two years, is a good idea for many cars. You should also change the fluid immediately if you notice dark or dirty fluid, or signs of problems like whining noises when turning or difficulty steering.
This video explains why changing power steering fluid is important and shows the difference between new and old fluid: 59sScotty KilmerYouTube · Feb 14, 2022
Why change power steering fluid?

To prevent damage: Over time, the fluid can become dirty and abrasive, which can damage internal seals, the pump, and the steering rack.
To avoid leaks: Dirty fluid can cause seals to degrade, leading to leaks and expensive repairs.
To maintain performance: Old fluid can cause a "tight" or "stiff" feeling when steering, and the system may make whining noises.

Signs that you need to change your power steering fluid

Dark or dirty fluid: New power steering fluid is typically clear or light yellow and turns dark or reddish over time.
Whining or groaning noises: A whining sound when turning the steering wheel can indicate low or old fluid.
Difficulty steering: If the steering wheel feels stiff or hard to turn, it's a sign the fluid needs to be changed or there is a leak.
Leaks under the car: Seeing reddish fluid leaking under your car can be a sign of a power steering fluid leak.

How often should you change it?

Normal driving: Every 75,000 to 100,000 miles or every two to five years is a good general guideline.
Severe conditions: If you drive in tough conditions (like off-roading or racing), you may need to change it as often as every 30,000 miles.
Check the manual: The most accurate interval is specified in your vehicle's owner's manual, which is the best place to start.
Check during oil changes: You can also inspect the fluid's color at every oil change. If it's dark, it's time to have it changed.

You can watch this video to learn how to check your power steering fluid level and condition: 1:00gillspointstireTikTok · Apr 10, 2025

Kevin Bennett

Company Owner

Kevin Bennet is the founder and owner of Kevin's Autos, a leading automotive service provider in Australia. With a deep commitment to customer satisfaction and years of industry expertise, Kevin uses his blog to answer the most common questions posed by his customers. From maintenance tips to troubleshooting advice, Kevin's articles are designed to empower drivers with the knowledge they need to keep their vehicles running smoothly and safely.