Does the Ford Explorer have power steering?
Modern Ford Explorers use electric power-assisted steering (EPAS).
The Explorer’s steering history spans hydraulic systems in older models to electric power steering in newer generations. This article explains how EPAS works in current Explorers, how to identify the system by model year, and what to know about maintenance and potential issues.
Current steering technology in the Explorer
Electric power-assisted steering provides steering aid through an electric motor and electronic control, which can adjust the level of assist depending on speed and other conditions. This setup reduces engine load and can improve fuel efficiency, while offering a more consistent steering feel across driving situations.
- EPAS uses an electric motor rather than hydraulic fluid to provide steering assistance.
- Assist level can vary with speed and, in some trims or driving modes, may change for a sportier or smoother feel.
- There is no hydraulic power steering fluid to check or replace in EPAS-equipped Explorers.
- Benefits include improved efficiency, potential for better steering precision, and easier integration with advanced driver-assistance features.
In everyday driving, EPAS aims to offer a light, effortless feel at low speeds and steadier, more predictable steering at higher speeds. If you own or lease a 2020 model year or newer, chances are you have EPAS.
Historical context by model year
From hydraulic to electric
Ford transitioned many SUVs, including the Explorer, from hydraulic power steering to electric power steering as part of a broader industry move toward EPAS. Older Explorers (generally pre-2011) often used hydraulic steering, which relies on hydraulic fluid and a pump driven by the engine. Beginning around the early 2010s, Ford shifted to electric steering systems, culminating in the EPAS setups used in current generations.
- Pre-2010 Explorers: Typically hydraulic power steering requiring fluid checks and routine maintenance.
- 2011–2019 Explorers: Early adoption of electric power steering in many trims, with reduced engine parasitic losses.
- 2020–present Explorers: Modern EPAS with speed-sensitive assist and tighter integration with driver-assistance systems.
For buyers or owners, the key takeaway is that if you’re looking at a model from the 2010s onward, EPAS is the norm. If you’re evaluating a much older Explorer, hydraulic PS may still be present, depending on the exact year and trim.
Maintenance and troubleshooting
Because EPAS does not involve hydraulic fluid, maintenance differs from older hydraulic systems. However, steering performance can still be affected by electrical or battery issues, sensor faults, or steering components.
- Warning lights: Look for EPS or Service Power Steering warnings on the instrument cluster.
- Battery and electrical health: A weak or failing battery can affect EPAS performance since the system relies on the vehicle’s electrical power.
- Common symptoms: Stiff or require more effort to steer at certain speeds, intermittent loss of assist, or a drifting/wandering feel.
- Diagnostics: If you notice issues, have the system checked at a dealer or qualified shop with Ford-specific diagnostic tools.
In many cases, EPAS problems are related to electrical power supply or sensor faults rather than hydraulic fluid issues. Prompt diagnosis can prevent more serious steering concerns.
Summary
In short, yes—the Ford Explorer uses power steering, and in the current generation that power steering is electric (EPAS). Older Explorers were more likely to use hydraulic power steering. If you’re buying or maintaining a recent model (roughly 2011 onwards), you’ll be dealing with EPAS, which offers efficiency benefits and adjustable steering feel. For older models, expect hydraulic PS with fluid maintenance requirements. Always check the specific model year and trim to confirm the steering system and follow manufacturer guidance for maintenance and diagnostics.
