What does camshaft to crankshaft position correlation fault mean?

In practical terms, it means the engine control unit has detected a mismatch between the camshaft position sensor signal and the crankshaft position sensor signal, which can disrupt ignition timing and fuel delivery and trigger a diagnostic trouble code such as P0016 or related codes.

Understanding the fault: how the system uses cam and crank data

The engine uses two critical sensors to time when fuel is injected and spark is delivered. The crankshaft position (CKP) sensor tracks the crank’s rotations, while the camshaft position (CMP) sensor tracks the cam’s position. The engine control module (ECM) compares the two signals to ensure the valves and ignition are synchronized with the pistons. When the relationship between the cam and crank signals deviates beyond what the ECM expects, it flags a correlation fault and stores a diagnostic trouble code. This can indicate anything from a simple sensor issue to a major timing problem.

Common diagnostic codes and what they imply

Manufacturers use a family of codes to describe cam-crank correlation problems. The most widely recognized are P0016 through P0019, which point to issues with the relationship between the camshaft and crankshaft positions. Some vehicles may show a specific CMP/CKP related code or a manufacturer-specific equivalent. In all cases, the underlying implication is that timing data from the two sensors does not align as it should, which can affect starting, idling, and overall performance.

Common causes of cam-to-crank correlation faults

The following are the leading reasons a vehicle might show a cam-to-crank correlation fault. This list helps distinguish between sensor/electrical problems and mechanical timing issues.

• Worn, stretched, or jumped timing belt/chain causing the cam and crank to fall out of sync.


• Faulty or misadjusted camshaft or crankshaft position sensors, or damaged/miswired connectors and wiring harnesses.


• Issues with the variable valve timing (VVT) system, including stuck solenoids, worn phasers, or insufficient oil pressure affecting timing control.



• Mechanical timing errors introduced after engine work or during maintenance, such as incorrect timing marks alignment.

These causes can range from inexpensive sensor replacements to substantial mechanical repairs, so identifying the exact fault is essential before proceeding with repairs.

How technicians diagnose and address cam-to-crank correlation faults

To pinpoint the root cause, technicians typically follow a diagnostic workflow that combines data observation with physical inspection. The steps below outline a common approach.

1. Retrieve all stored codes and monitor live CMP and CKP sensor data with a scan tool to verify the correlation in real time.


2. Inspect wiring and connectors for damage, corrosion, or loose connections at both the CMP and CKP sensors.


3. Check for recent work on the engine and verify timing marks or alignment if the timing belt/chain has been serviced.


4. Inspect the timing components (belt/chain, tensioners, guides) for wear, slack, or jumping teeth; confirm timing alignment with service specs.


5. Assess the VVT system: oil level/pressure, solenoids, phasers, and related wiring to ensure the system can advance or retard timing properly.


6. Test sensor functionality (and, if necessary, replace faulty sensors) and update or reload the ECU software if a known fix exists for the vehicle model.


7. Conduct a road test and re-scan to confirm that the fault is resolved and no new codes appear.

If timing components are suspected, technicians typically refrain from driving the vehicle until the issue is diagnosed fully, as incorrect timing can cause severe engine damage. A professional diagnosis helps determine whether you need sensor replacement, wiring repairs, or timing system service.

What to do if you see this fault

Experiencing symptoms such as hard starting, rough idle, misfires, reduced power, or poor fuel economy alongside a cam-crank correlation fault should prompt a diagnostic check. Avoid aggressive driving, and arrange repairs with a qualified technician who can perform a thorough inspection, verify timing, and address any mechanical or electrical causes.

Summary

A camshaft to crankshaft position correlation fault indicates that the ECM detected a mismatch between cam and crank sensor data. This signals potential timing or sensor problems that can affect starting, idle, and performance. Common causes range from faulty sensors and wiring to timing belt/chain wear or VVT system faults. Diagnosis involves verifying codes, inspecting wiring, checking timing components, testing the sensors, and, if needed, updating software. Prompt professional diagnosis helps prevent engine damage and restores reliable operation.

What is camshaft to crankshaft position correlation fault?

The P0016 code stands for “Camshaft Position A – Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1)”, which means your crankshaft and camshaft are not in sync. Some of the common causes of the P0016 code include a damaged timing chain or belt, a faulty camshaft or crankshaft reluctor wheel, and a bad camshaft or crankshaft sensor.

Can I drive with a faulty crankshaft position sensor?

No, you should not drive with a faulty crankshaft position sensor, as it can lead to the engine stalling, misfiring, or not starting at all. Driving with this issue is risky and can leave you stranded, so it is best to get the sensor replaced as soon as possible to avoid further damage and potential safety hazards. 
Why you shouldn't drive with a faulty sensor

• Engine stalling: If the sensor fails completely, it can cause the engine to shut off while driving. 
• No-start condition: The engine may not start at all, making it impossible to use the vehicle. 
• Loss of power and poor performance: A faulty sensor can cause the engine to run poorly, hesitate, or lose power, especially during acceleration. 
• Misfires: You may experience engine misfires, which can feel like a rough idle, vibrations, or even make the car feel like it's downshifting when it isn't. 

This video explains the symptoms of a bad crankshaft position sensor and what happens if you drive with it: 1mEasyAutoFixYouTube · Feb 25, 2023
What to do instead

• Get it fixed immediately: Have the sensor replaced as soon as possible to prevent being stranded or causing more damage to your engine. 
• If you must drive: If you are in a situation where you have to drive a short distance to a repair shop, do so cautiously. Turn on your hazard lights and be prepared to pull over if the car stalls. 
• Do not attempt a temporary fix: While some temporary fixes might exist, driving without a working sensor is dangerous and not a permanent solution. 

Is it expensive to fix a camshaft position sensor?

The average cost for a Camshaft Position Sensor Replacement is between $213 and $322. Labor costs are estimated between $105 and $154 while parts are priced between $108 and $168. This range does not include taxes and fees, and does not factor in your unique location.

How serious is a P1345 error?

The P1345 is a severe issue because it often leads to significant physical symptoms in your car, like stalled engines and rough idling. If your engine was to stall on the road, then you could crash your vehicle. The issue also can lead to further damage to your engine's components.