What is 4 wheel drive Toyota?

In Toyota terms, four-wheel drive (4WD), often marketed as 4x4, is a drivetrain that can power all four wheels to improve traction on slippery surfaces or off-road terrain. It appears on models such as the 4Runner, Tacoma, Land Cruiser, Sequoia, Hilux, and Prado, and comes in both part-time and full-time configurations, with low-range gearing and, on some trims, locking differentials.

How Toyota structures its 4WD systems

The main 4WD configurations Toyota uses across its lineup include the following types:

• Part-time 4WD with a two-speed transfer case: enables 4Hi and 4Lo and is typically engaged manually; recommended for off-road or low-traction conditions and not ideal for dry pavement due to drivetrain binding on some models.


• Full-time 4WD with a center differential: a permanent four-wheel-drive system that can be used on most surfaces; often includes 4Hi and 4Lo, with the center differential letting front and rear axles spin at different rates.


• 4WD with locking differentials or rear lockers: several trims offer a selectable locker (front and/or rear) to maximize traction in extreme off-road situations, usually engaged at low speeds.


• Low-range gearing: a two-speed transfer case provides a low gear for steep ascents/descents, deep mud, or rock crawling to maximize torque at very low speeds.

These systems are commonly paired with additional traction aids such as multi-terrain modes, crawl control, or hill-start assist, which vary by model and market.

Popular Toyota models with 4WD

The following Toyota models are well-known for offering 4WD configurations, reflecting the brand’s emphasis on off-road capability and rugged utility:

• Toyota 4Runner: a body-on-frame SUV traditionally equipped with a part-time 4WD system, typically featuring a two-speed transfer case and available locking rear differential on certain trims.


• Toyota Tacoma: a mid-size pickup with a part-time 4WD setup, including 4WD High/Low on many variants and occasional rear differential locking on specific packages.


• Toyota Land Cruiser: the flagship full-size SUV with a full-time 4WD system, a two-speed transfer case, and typically a center differential lock to maximize traction in challenging terrain.


• Toyota Sequoia: a full-size SUV sharing many 4WD traits with the Land Cruiser, including a transfer case and capable off-road performance.


• Toyota Hilux: a globally sold pickup renowned for its durability in 4WD configurations, often featuring part-time 4WD in rugged markets.


• Toyota Prado (Land Cruiser Prado): a midsize SUV offering full-time or selectable 4WD, designed for versatility in varied terrains.

Note: some Toyota crossovers, like the RAV4 and Highlander, use all-wheel drive (AWD) rather than traditional 4WD; the distinction affects how traction is managed and how the system behaves on different surfaces.

Operating tips for 4WD safety and effectiveness

Using 4WD systems correctly improves performance and reduces mechanical wear. Here are practical guidelines for drivers considering 4WD modes on Toyota vehicles:

• Know your system: Confirm whether your model uses part-time 4WD or full-time 4WD, and when to engage 4Hi, 4Lo, or a locking differential, per the owner’s manual.


• Drive appropriately for the surface: On dry pavement, avoid using part-time 4WD, as it can cause drivetrain binding; use 2WD/standard AWD unless additional traction is required.


• 4Lo is for low-speed, high-torque situations: Use 4Lo for steep descents, deep mud, sand, rocks, or other demanding off-road conditions, and keep speeds low.


• Use locking diffs judiciously: Locking differentials improve traction in low-traction terrain but can cause tire scrubbing and handling quirks on high-traction surfaces.


• Maintenance matters: Regularly service transfer-case oil, inspect seals for leaks, and follow Toyota’s maintenance schedules to ensure 4WD components function reliably.

Understanding terrain, vehicle limits, and system capabilities is essential for safe and effective use of Toyota’s 4WD technology.

Summary

Toyota offers a spectrum of four-wheel-drive solutions, ranging from part-time systems designed for off-road use to full-time configurations with center differentials and optional locking mechanisms. The right setup depends on the model, intended use, and driving conditions. For on-road driving, many Toyotas rely on AWD, while true 4WD systems come into play when traction challenges demand extra torque and control. Always consult the owner’s manual for your specific model to operate the system safely and effectively.

Is Toyota 4WD the same as AWD?

4WD occurs when the front and rear driveshafts lock and engage together, which keeps the rear and the front wheels turning at the same speed. Torque is directed to at least one rear wheel and one front wheel regardless of the terrain. 4WD is designed for off-road use whereas AWD is for paved roads and highways.

How does Toyota 4 wheel drive work?

Side. However in rougher conditions that require even more grip rear wheel drive may not be enough even with the help of a limited slip differential. This is where four-wheel drive comes into.

Which is better, 4WD or AWD?

Neither 4WD nor AWD is universally better; the best choice depends on your needs. AWD is better for everyday driving on paved roads and in light-snow conditions, as it automatically engages for improved traction without driver input. 4WD is superior for off-roading and extreme conditions, such as deep snow, mud, or sand, because it can be manually locked for maximum grip and often includes a low-range gear for more torque. 
This video explains the difference between AWD and 4WD: 56sWonder WorldYouTube · Apr 17, 2018
All-Wheel Drive (AWD)

• Best for: On-road driving in varied weather conditions (rain, light snow, ice). 
• How it works: It's a full-time system that uses sensors to automatically distribute power to all four wheels when slippage is detected. 
• Pros:
  • No driver input is needed; it's always active or engages automatically. 
  • Provides better traction and handling on paved roads. 
• Cons:
  • Less capable for serious off-roading or extreme conditions. 

Four-Wheel Drive (4WD)

• Best for: Off-roading, rough terrain, and deep snow or mud. 
• How it works: It's a part-time system that must be engaged by the driver. It also often includes a low-range gear for extra torque and a locking transfer case that mechanically links the front and rear axles for 50/50 power distribution. 
• Pros:
  • Provides superior grip and control in off-road situations. 
  • Better for heavy-duty tasks and towing. 
• Cons:
  • Can cause drivetrain binding and is not meant for use on dry pavement, especially during turns. 
  • Requires manual engagement and disengagement. 

This video explains the basics of AWD and 4WD: 56sCarMaxYouTube · Dec 16, 2022

When to use 4 wheel drive Toyota?

When is 4WD Best to Use?

1. Deep snow, mud, or off-road trails.
2. Rock crawling, steep climbs, and heavy duty use.
3. Situations requiring maximum traction at low speeds.