What kind of frame does a Subaru have?
Subaru vehicles use unibody construction rather than a traditional body-on-frame chassis. In the current lineup, Subaru relies on a unibody architecture — most notably the Subaru Global Platform (SGP) — with reinforced subframes and high-strength steel to support its all-wheel-drive system and crash safety standards.
Frame type explained
In automotive terms, "frame" can refer to the chassis that supports the body. A body-on-frame design uses a separate rigid frame, while a unibody integrates the body and frame into a single structure. Subarus are built as unibody cars and SUVs, with subframes carrying key components for rigidity and weight distribution.
Unibody with subframes
Subaru uses a welded body shell with subframes for the engine, transmission, and suspension mounts. This design enhances crash energy management and ride quality while keeping weight down.
Subaru Global Platform (SGP)
The Subaru Global Platform (SGP) was introduced around 2016-2017 and underpins many current models. It provides improved torsional stiffness, crash performance, and compatibility with all-wheel-drive configurations.
Key characteristics across models:
- All current Subaru passenger models are unibody; there is no body-on-frame design in the lineup.
- Most models use subframes and a welded body shell to form the structural skeleton.
- SGP-based models include Impreza, Crosstrek, Forester, Outback, Legacy, and Ascent, with the BRZ/86 family also relying on a robust unibody chassis tuned for rear- or all-wheel-drive dynamics.
- Even high-performance variants rely on unibody construction with reinforced chassis and crumple zones.
Concluding this section, the modern Subaru frame is unibody with strong reinforcement and, for many models, built on the Subaru Global Platform—a design intended to optimize safety, rigidity, and all-wheel-drive performance.
Examples by model family
Here's how the frame type applies to popular model lines:
- Impreza-based models (Impreza, WRX, Crosstrek): unibody, built on the Subaru Global Platform.
- Outback and Legacy: unibody on the Global Platform, with rugged cross-members for safety and efficiency.
- Forester: unibody on the Global Platform with elevated ride height and standard symmetrical AWD.
- Ascent: three-row SUV built on the Global Platform with a unibody chassis.
- BRZ/86: two-door sports cars using a unibody chassis tuned for rear-wheel-drive handling.
Note: While Subarus share a common unibody philosophy, model-level platform variations exist. However, none of the current lineup uses a traditional body-on-frame chassis.
Impact on safety, handling, and durability
The unibody approach, especially with the Subaru Global Platform, emphasizes crash energy management, rigidity, and weight efficiency. It also supports Subaru’s hallmark Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive by providing a solid, evenly distributed structural foundation for drivetrain components and suspension.
Summary
Do subarus have a steel frame?
Built for Impact: The Subaru Global Platform
High-strength steel reinforces key parts of the frame to help redirect crash forces away from passengers. The result? Top marks in crash tests from both the IIHS and NHTSA. There's also smart thinking under the hood.
Do subarus have frames?
The Subaru Ring-Shaped Reinforcement Frame sees the pillars, body-side frames and floor cross-members positioned in a ring-like layout, all connected together to form a super-strong protective safety cell.
What is the most common issue with Subaru?
The most common Subaru problems include issues with head gaskets, oil consumption, and transmission problems, particularly with older EJ engines and certain first-generation CVTs. Other frequent issues involve timing belt failures, electrical faults, and suspension wear. Many of these issues are more prevalent in specific older model years, though newer models can still experience problems like transmission wear.
This video discusses common issues with Subaru engines and transmissions: 58sThe OCD RepairmanYouTube · Jul 7, 2025
Engine and powertrain problems
- Head gasket leaks: This is a notorious issue, especially in older models with EJ series engines, and can lead to coolant leaks, overheating, and other engine damage.
- Engine oil consumption: Some models consume excessive oil, often due to worn piston rings or valve seals.
- Timing belt failures: A failing timing belt can cause severe engine damage, and replacement should be done according to the manufacturer's schedule.
- Transmission problems: Issues like slipping gears or rough shifting have been reported, particularly in some first-generation Lineartronic CVTs and certain models with higher torque loads.
Other common issues
- Electrical issues: Various components can have faults, including sensors, alternators, and starters.
- Suspension problems: Suspension components can wear out over time, leading to excessive noise, vibration, and poor handling.
- Defective airbags: Some model years have had issues with airbags.
- Faulty fuel pumps: Problems with fuel pumps have been reported in some models.
- Weak windshields: Some owners have complained about the durability of the windshields.
Tips to mitigate problems
- Perform regular maintenance: Consistent oil changes, fluid checks, and other scheduled maintenance can help prevent many issues and extend engine life.
- Replace the timing belt on schedule: Adhering to the manufacturer's recommended timing belt replacement interval is crucial to avoid catastrophic engine damage.
- Be mindful of specific model years: Researching specific model years for known problems can help you make a more informed decision, especially when buying used.
Are subarus unibody or frame?
unibody
Subaru focuses on safety and performance with its unibody design. This means its cars are built to absorb impact in a crash, keeping you and your passengers protected.
