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Can you use transmission fluid for power steering fluid in a Ford?

Whether you can substitute transmission fluid for power steering fluid in a Ford depends on the model and year. Some Ford hydraulic power-steering systems are designed to use ATF (Dexron/Mercon) as PSF, while others require a dedicated power steering fluid. Many newer Ford vehicles use electric power steering and have no hydraulic PS fluid at all. Always check the owner's manual or a Ford service bulletin for your exact vehicle. Using the wrong fluid can damage seals, degrade performance, or cause leaks.

Hydraulic vs. electric power steering: a critical distinction

The key distinction is whether your Ford uses a hydraulic power steering system or an electric assist system. Hydraulic PS systems rely on a dedicated fluid in a reservoir, and the fluid type is specified by Ford for that model year. Electric power steering (EPAS) uses an electric motor and does not require hydraulic fluid, so there is nothing to fill or replace.

How to tell which system your Ford uses

Look under the hood for a power steering fluid reservoir and note the service label, if present. If there is no reservoir or the system is integrated with a motor, your car likely uses EPAS.

Guidance on fluid compatibility for hydraulic Ford PS systems

For hydraulic PS systems, Ford’s manuals have varied over time. Some models specify a dedicated Power Steering Fluid (PSF). Others allow Dexron-type ATF in place of PSF. The critical rule is to use the spec exactly as Ford lists for your vehicle; mixing or using the wrong spec can degrade seals, reduce lubrication, and shorten pump life.

Scenarios where transmission fluid may be acceptable (only if the manual explicitly allows Dexron/Mercon ATF as PSF):

Older Ford models (commonly produced in the 1990s–early 2000s) for which the owner’s manual lists Dexron II/III ATF as an approved PSF.

Certain Ford trucks or specialty vehicles where Ford service literature states ATF can serve as PSF for that model/year.

You are certain the transmission fluid and the PSF have the same specification and additive package required by Ford for that model year.

Bottom line: Only use ATF in place of PSF when the manual or official Ford documentation explicitly approves it for your exact vehicle. If not, stick with the dedicated PSF specified by Ford.

How to determine the correct fluid for your Ford hydraulic PS system

To avoid mistakes, follow these steps to identify the right fluid:

Check the owner's manual for the exact PSF specification for your model/year (e.g., "Power Steering Fluid: Dexron VI" or "Power Steering Fluid Only").

Inspect the power steering reservoir label or service data for your VIN; if unclear, consult Ford's official repair data.

When in doubt, contact a Ford dealer or a qualified technician to confirm the correct fluid type before topping up.

Do not mix different PSF/ATF grades in the same system; if you’ve already added the wrong fluid, arrange a flush to the correct specification.

Conclusion: The safest approach is to use the exact PSF type specified by Ford for your vehicle. If your Ford uses EPAS, there is no hydraulic PS fluid to manage.

Summary

Fluid compatibility for Ford power steering hinges on whether the system is hydraulic or electric and on the model year. Some older Fords tolerate ATF as PSF, but many modern Fords rely on electric steering with no hydraulic fluid. Always verify the exact specification in the owner’s manual or Ford service bulletins, and consult a dealer if you’re unsure. Using the wrong fluid can cause seal damage, leaks, or steering issues; when in doubt, follow Ford’s official guidance rather than assumptions.

What fluid is used for Ford power steering?

The correct Ford power steering fluid type depends on the vehicle's model year, with most systems built between 1998 and 2012 requiring MERCON V, and those built after 2012 requiring MERCON LV. Always check your owner's manual or the power steering fluid cap to confirm the specific requirement for your vehicle, as some older models may use different fluids, such as ATF Type-F for systems before 1996-1998.
By model year

1998–2012: MERCON V
After 2012: MERCON LV
Before 1996–1998: Typically ATF Type-F

Important considerations

Check your owner's manual: This is the most reliable way to determine the correct fluid type.
Check the reservoir cap: The cap may have the required fluid type printed on it.
Use the correct fluid: Using the wrong fluid can lead to poor performance and potential damage to the power steering system.
Consider genuine products: For critical components like power steering, it is often recommended to use genuine Motorcraft fluids from a Ford dealership.

Can I use transmission fluid as a substitute for power steering fluid?

Yes, some power steering systems can use transmission fluid, as some manufacturers specify ATF for their power steering systems. However, this is not universal, and many newer systems require a specific power steering fluid. You must always check your vehicle's owner's manual to determine the correct fluid for your car, as using the wrong one can cause leaks and premature wear.
This video explains whether you can use automatic transmission fluid in a power steering system: 54sFastFords 289YouTube · Apr 22, 2025
Factors to consider

Check your manual: The owner's manual is the most reliable source for determining the correct fluid type for your specific make and model.
Manufacturer recommendations: Some vehicles, especially older ones, were designed to use ATF. Many newer vehicles require a specific synthetic power steering fluid designed for that system.
Potential compatibility issues: Power steering fluid and transmission fluid have different additives and formulations. Using ATF in a system designed for power steering fluid can cause problems like leaks due to incompatibility with the rubber seals, or potential damage to the rack and pinion over time.
Mixing fluids: It's best to avoid mixing different brands or types of fluids, even if they are both power steering fluids.
Never use power steering fluid in the transmission: While some cars can use ATF in their power steering, you should never put power steering fluid in an automatic transmission, as it can cause significant damage.

This video explains the potential risks of using the wrong fluid in your steering system: 2:594Real KEYouTube · May 14, 2025
The bottom line
Always use the fluid recommended in your owner's manual. If your manual specifies ATF for your power steering system, it is acceptable to use it. If it calls for a specific power steering fluid, use that instead to ensure the longevity and proper function of your steering system.

What happens if I put transmission fluid in my power steering fluid?

Transmission fluid can go into the power steering, just don't put power steering into the transmission. It will be fine. The reason is... they both are hydraulic fluid, but the transmission fluid has certain detergents in it that reduce friction on parts in the tranny and also is rated for a higher temperature.

Can I use automatic transmission fluid for power steering fluid on a Ford?

No. The viscosity of power steering fluid is almost the same as that of automatic transmission fluid, but they contain different additives so they cannot be used interchangeably.

Kevin Bennett

Company Owner

Kevin Bennet is the founder and owner of Kevin's Autos, a leading automotive service provider in Australia. With a deep commitment to customer satisfaction and years of industry expertise, Kevin uses his blog to answer the most common questions posed by his customers. From maintenance tips to troubleshooting advice, Kevin's articles are designed to empower drivers with the knowledge they need to keep their vehicles running smoothly and safely.