Does my car need specific power steering fluid?

In most vehicles with hydraulic power steering, you must use the fluid specified by the manufacturer; some cars use standard automatic transmission fluid as PSF, while others require a dedicated power steering fluid. Electric power steering systems generally do not use hydraulic fluid at all.

Power steering is a small but essential subsystem that affects steering effort and safety. The right PSF protects seals, reduces wear, and keeps the system running smoothly. This guide explains how to identify your vehicle's PSF requirements, what to do if you need a top-up, and when to consult a professional.

Identify your power steering system and the required fluid

Use these steps to determine whether your car uses hydraulic PSF or an electric system and to locate the exact fluid specification in the manual or on the vehicle.

• Check the owner's manual for the exact power steering fluid specification (PSF) or a recommended ATF grade.


• Inspect the power steering reservoir cap or the reservoir label for hints such as "PSF," "ATF," or a brand code (for example, "Honda PSF" or "NS-PSF").


• Look under the hood for visible fluid lines and a reservoir; if you see an empty or missing reservoir or a lack of a dedicated pump with a reservoir, you may have an electronic system.


• Check the VIN or build sheet via the manufacturer’s portal or a service manual to confirm the PSF specification for your exact model and engine.


• If you still aren’t sure, contact your dealer or a trusted mechanic with your make, model, and year.

Correctly identifying the system helps prevent mistaken top-ups and potential damage.

How to choose and apply the correct PSF for hydraulic systems

When your vehicle uses hydraulic power steering, follow these guidelines to select and apply the appropriate PSF.

• Use only the fluid specified by the vehicle manufacturer. This is typically a dedicated PSF or a specific ATF grade.


• Be careful not to mix different fluids. If you need to top up and you’re unsure of the current fluid, it may be best to drain and replace the reservoir contents or consult a professional.


• If the manual indicates a brand-specific PSF (for example, a Honda PSF or Nissan NS-PSF), obtain that exact product rather than a generic ATF.


• When topping up, use a clean, fuel-safe container and a clean funnel to avoid contamination; operate the steering slowly to circulate the fluid after topping up.

Using the correct PSF protects seals and ball bearings, maintains proper steering effort, and reduces the risk of leaks.

Notes on electric vs electro-hydraulic systems

Fully electric power steering (EPS) systems do not rely on hydraulic PSF, so there is nothing to top up in a typical reservoir. Some older or specialized systems integrate hydraulic assist with an electric pump (electro-hydraulic or EHPS) and still require the manufacturer-approved PSF. If your vehicle is EPS and you experience steering issues, seek professional service rather than attempting to add fluid.

Summary

In short: determine whether your car uses hydraulic PSF or a fully electric system. If hydraulic, consult the owner’s manual for the exact PSF specification and use only that fluid. Do not mix fluids, and avoid guessing. If in doubt, contact a dealership or qualified mechanic to verify the correct product and service procedure.

Can any power steering fluid go into any car?

No, you cannot use just any power steering fluid because different vehicles require specific types of fluid to avoid damaging the power steering system. Always check your car's owner's manual, the power steering fluid cap, or consult your dealership to find the correct specifications, as some cars may use automatic transmission fluid instead of power steering fluid. Using the wrong type can lead to component damage, like the pump and rack, and negatively affect steering performance. 
Why you need the specific fluid

• Manufacturer specifications: Carmakers specify a particular fluid type for their vehicles to ensure the system works correctly and lasts longer. 
• System protection: Using the wrong fluid can damage the power steering pump and rack. 
• Performance: The correct fluid ensures optimal steering feel and system performance. 
• Additives: Power steering fluids are formulated with specific additives for things like anti-wear, friction modification, and temperature stability. 
• Some cars are special: Some vehicles, like many Hondas, require a specific, proprietary fluid, and using a different type can cause damage. 

How to find the right fluid

1. Check the owner's manual: This is the most reliable source for the correct fluid specification. 
2. Look at the cap: The required fluid type is often printed on the power steering reservoir cap. 
3. Consult your dealer or a mechanic: If you're unsure, they can tell you the correct specification for your vehicle. 
4. Research your vehicle: Some vehicles, especially older ones or certain brands, may use automatic transmission fluid instead of dedicated power steering fluid. 

Can I just refill my power steering fluid?

Yes, you can just add power steering fluid if the level is low, but you should check for leaks and use the correct type of fluid for your vehicle. If the fluid is not just low but has been consistently low, it indicates a leak that needs to be repaired.
 
This video demonstrates how to check the power steering fluid level: 34sTA Automotive technologyYouTube · Feb 6, 2025
How to add power steering fluid

1. Locate the reservoir: Find the power steering fluid reservoir under the hood. It is often marked with "Power Steering" or a steering wheel icon. 
2. Check the fluid level: With the engine off, check the dipstick or the indicator on the reservoir to see if the fluid is below the "MIN" or "COLD" line. 
3. Add the correct fluid: If the level is low, add the manufacturer-recommended power steering fluid in small amounts, checking the level as you go. Do not overfill past the "MAX" or "HOT" line. 
4. Bleed air (if needed): If the system was empty, you may need to start the car and turn the steering wheel from full left to full right a few times to bleed out any air. Then, re-check the fluid level and top off if necessary. 
5. Address leaks: If you have to add fluid frequently, there is likely a leak that needs to be addressed by a mechanic. You should get the system checked to find and repair the leak. 

Do all cars take the same power steering fluid?

No, power steering fluid is not universal, and using the wrong type can damage your vehicle's power steering system. The correct fluid depends on your car's make and model and can be found by checking the owner's manual or the power steering fluid cap. While some modern vehicles use a "universal" power steering fluid, many still require specific types, such as certain Automatic Transmission Fluids (ATF) or specific synthetic fluids. 
Why using the wrong fluid is risky

• Damage to components: The wrong fluid can cause seals and other rubber parts to degrade and can damage the power steering pump.
• Reduced performance: You may experience a stiffer steering wheel or reduced steering performance.
• System contamination: The wrong fluid can contaminate the system, leading to premature wear. 

How to find the correct fluid

• Check the owner's manual: This is the most reliable source for your vehicle's specific requirements. 
• Look at the fluid cap: Many caps have the required fluid type printed on them. 
• Consult a professional: If you're unsure, an automotive professional can help you identify the correct fluid. 

Does it matter what power steering fluid you use?

Yes, it matters what power steering fluid you use, and using the wrong type can cause significant damage to your vehicle's power steering system. Different fluids have different chemical properties, additives, and viscosities that are crucial for the proper function of your specific car's components. Using the incorrect fluid can lead to problems like a loss of steering assist, a damaged pump, or a voided warranty. Always check your owner's manual or the reservoir cap for the correct fluid type. 
Why the correct fluid is essential

• System damage: The wrong fluid can damage the pump, seals, and other rubber components in the steering system. Some failures can happen in as little as 20-30 minutes of use. 
• Performance issues: You may notice a stiffer steering wheel or reduced steering performance if you use the wrong fluid. 
• Manufacturer specifications: Car manufacturers specify a particular type of fluid to ensure optimal performance and longevity of the power steering system. These specifications are based on factors like viscosity, detergents, and other additives. 
• Warranty protection: Using an incorrect fluid could potentially void your vehicle's warranty. 

How to find the right fluid

• Check the owner's manual: This is the most reliable source for the correct fluid specifications. 
• Look at the reservoir cap: Many vehicles have the required fluid type printed directly on the power steering reservoir cap. 
• Use an OEM information system: A mechanic can look up the correct specifications in a service information system.