How is a car considered an SUV?
In simple terms, an SUV is a vehicle that sits higher than a typical car, offers flexible seating and cargo space, and usually comes with all‑wheel or four‑wheel drive with some level of off‑road capability. This combination of stance, practicality, and drivetrain is what typically signals an SUV to buyers and manufacturers alike.
In practice, the boundary between SUVs, crossovers and conventional cars is blurred. Many modern “SUVs” are built on unibody car platforms and marketed as crossovers, while traditional, body‑on‑frame SUVs retain their rugged off‑road heritage. Definitions vary by region and by automaker, which means the badge alone isn’t always a reliable guide to capability.
Defining an SUV: what features matter
There is no universal standard for what officially qualifies as an SUV, but several core traits are widely used to classify vehicles in this category.
Key distinctions
- Raised ride height and a larger overall footprint than typical passenger cars
- Availability of all‑wheel drive (AWD) or four‑wheel drive (4WD)
- Versatile interior with flexible seating and cargo configurations, often including 5–7 seats
- In many models, higher towing capacity relative to sedans and hatchbacks
- Two main construction approaches: body‑on‑frame (truck‑based) vs unibody (car‑based)
- Varied off‑road capability, with traditional SUVs offering more rugged features; many modern SUVs emphasize on‑road comfort with some light off‑road ability
These attributes help consumers distinguish a truly rugged, capable vehicle from a simpler, everyday family car that’s marketed as an SUV. Because automakers mix platforms and technologies, the lineup can look uniform even when the underlying design differs.
Crossover vs traditional SUV: two categories often confused
The distinction between crossovers and traditional SUVs hinges largely on architecture and purpose. Crossovers are typically unibody, car‑based vehicles designed for on‑road comfort, efficiency, and everyday versatility. Traditional, truck‑based SUVs use a body‑on‑frame design and were originally built to handle tougher towing and off‑road work. In today’s market, many vehicles marketed as SUVs are crossovers, while a smaller number remain true, body‑on‑frame chassis with more rugged capability.
Practical implications
- On‑road ride and efficiency: crossovers tend to be smoother, quieter, and more fuel‑efficient
- Off‑road capability: traditional SUVs with features like locking differentials, higher ground clearance, and robust four‑wheel‑drive systems
- Maintenance and durability: body‑on‑frame designs can offer rugged durability under heavy use but may cost more to maintain over time
- Pricing and market positioning: SUVs labeled vehicles can span a wide range of price points, from practical crossovers to premium, off‑road‑capable models
Ultimately, the badge “SUV” often reflects marketing and branding as much as engineering. Buyers should assess the model’s ground clearance, drivetrain options, and real‑world capabilities rather than relying solely on the label.
Size and market segmentation
SUVs come in several size categories, and automakers increasingly blur these lines as models blend features across classes. The size distinction helps buyers match vehicle packaging to their space needs, performance expectations, and budget.
Common size classes include the following, from smaller to larger models:
- Compact SUVs
- Midsize SUVs
- Full‑size SUVs
- Large and luxury SUVs
Note that many models straddle these categories, offering variants that share a platform or interior dimensions but differ in trims, seating configurations, or all‑wheel drive capabilities. Prospective buyers should verify interior space, seating arrangements, and optional drivetrain packages when comparing models.
Summary
The classification of an SUV is not governed by a single, universal rule. It reflects a vehicle’s combination of ride height, interior versatility, drivetrain options, and, in some cases, construction type. The market today features a broad spectrum—from rugged, body‑on‑frame, off‑road‑focused SUVs to car‑based crossovers that prioritize comfort and efficiency. For buyers, the most reliable approach is to look beyond the label and evaluate ground clearance, platform, drivetrain availability, and intended use to determine whether a given model truly meets the SUV criteria you need.
What determines a SUV?
An SUV is determined by its body-on-frame construction, which gives it truck-like ruggedness for off-road capability and towing, along with a raised ground clearance and the availability of four-wheel drive. Unlike crossovers, which are built on car chassis, true SUVs have a separate body and frame, resulting in a heavier and sturdier vehicle that is often better suited for challenging terrains and heavy-duty tasks.
Key determining factors
- Construction: A true SUV uses a body-on-frame design, where the body is built separately from the vehicle's frame and then joined together. This is a key difference from a crossover, which has a unibody construction, meaning the body and frame are a single piece built on a car chassis.
- Drivetrain: Many SUVs come equipped with four-wheel drive (4WD) and a transfer case, which offers more low-gear options than the all-wheel drive (AWD) found in most crossovers. Rear-wheel drive is also a standard option for two-wheel-drive SUVs.
- Capability: The combination of its rugged construction and drivetrain allows SUVs to handle challenging terrains, tow heavy loads, and provide a more commanding driving position.
- Ground Clearance: SUVs typically have a higher ground clearance than passenger cars, which is necessary for navigating uneven surfaces.
- Vehicle Type: The term "sport utility vehicle" combines the practicality of a passenger car (such as cargo and passenger space) with the off-road capabilities of an all-terrain vehicle.
What qualifies a car as a SUV?
First of all the basics. SUV stands for 'Sports Utility Vehicle', a fairly loose term but one that generally refers to stylish, sleek looking vehicles that offer elegant city driving but also handle rugged terrain thanks to a typical 4x4 capability. SUVs can come in any size – small, midsize or large.
What do you call a car that is not a SUV?
Sedans, such as the Hyundai Elantra and Hyundai Sonata, are four-door passenger cars with three separate compartments for the engine, passengers, and cargo. Compared to SUVs, sedans are ideal for everyday drives and are not designed for off-roading.
How is a SUV different from a car?
A car (sedan) is generally more fuel-efficient, agile, and affordable, making it ideal for urban driving and smaller families. An SUV offers more passenger and cargo space, higher ground clearance for versatility, and a commanding driving position, which can provide a sense of security. The best choice depends on your priorities: if you need space and versatility, an SUV is likely better; if you prioritize fuel economy and maneuverability, a car is a strong contender.
This video compares a sedan and an SUV to help you decide which one is right for you: 58sAndrew AutoHubYouTube · Jun 4, 2025
Car (Sedan)
- Fuel Economy: Typically has better fuel efficiency due to a lower weight and smaller size.
- Handling: Offers better maneuverability and performance on paved roads, with a more stable ride and lower center of gravity.
- Cost: Generally less expensive to purchase and maintain.
- Best for: Individuals or small families, city driving, and those who prioritize driving dynamics and lower costs.
SUV
- Space: Provides more passenger and cargo space, with some models offering third-row seating.
- Capability: Offers higher ground clearance and the availability of all-wheel drive (AWD) or four-wheel drive (4WD), making it more suitable for various terrains and bad weather.
- Visibility: The higher ride height can provide a better view of the road ahead.
- Cost: Typically more expensive to buy and less fuel-efficient.
- Best for: Larger families, those who need to transport a lot of gear, or drivers who frequently face rough weather or unpaved roads.
