Is a Subaru AWD or 4wd?
Subaru uses all-wheel drive (AWD) as the standard drivetrain on most models, not a traditional 4WD system.
Across its current lineup, Subaru markets its AWD as "Symmetrical AWD" — a permanent system that sends power to all wheels for stability in rain, snow, and slippery conditions. It does not offer a factory option for a low-range, selectable 4WD like some trucks and SUVs do.
How Subaru's Symmetrical AWD works
Subaru's Symmetrical AWD is a full-time system with a center differential that continuously distributes power to both the front and rear axles. This design aims to maintain balanced traction on everyday roads and in adverse weather. On some models, features such as X-Mode or hill-descent control help optimize traction in tough terrain, but there is no user-selectable low-range gear like traditional 4WD systems.
Model coverage: AWD is standard on most Subarus
Before listing the current lineup, note that AWD is the default setup across the majority of Subaru’s passenger models. The following snapshot highlights which models typically come with AWD and where an exception exists.
- Impreza: AWD is standard on all trims and body styles (sedan and hatchback).
- Crosstrek: AWD is standard on all trims, including the hybrid variant in some markets.
- Forester: AWD is standard on every trim level.
- Outback: AWD is standard on all trims, with turbocharged options available on higher grades.
- Legacy: AWD is standard on all trims.
- Ascent: AWD is standard on all trims.
- WRX: AWD is standard on all trims, reflecting its performance-oriented setup.
One notable exception in the current lineup is the Subaru BRZ, which is a rear-wheel-drive (RWD) sports coupe rather than AWD.
In summary, if you buy a mainstream Subaru today, you can expect AWD as the default drivetrain across most models. A traditional 4WD with a low-range transfer case is not offered on the current lineup.
Do Subaru models ever offer true 4WD?
There is no factory-installed 4WD with a low-range transfer case in Subaru’s contemporary passenger lineup. AWD provides continuous traction on all four wheels, which Subaru emphasizes for daily usability and safety in poor weather. Some owners may still refer to AWD as “four-wheel drive” in casual conversation, but technically Subaru’s system remains AWD rather than a separate 4WD configuration.
Summary
Subaru’s strategy centers on Symmetrical AWD as the standard across most models, delivering enhanced traction year-round without a low-range 4WD system. The main exception is the BRZ, which uses rear-wheel drive. For consumers seeking traditional 4WD with a low range, Subaru’s current lineup does not offer it; AWD is the practical, default choice in its lineup.
