What kind of differential does a Ram 1500 have?
The Ram 1500’s differential setup varies by model year and trim. In general, 2WD versions run a standard open rear differential, while many 4x4 configurations offer an electronically locking rear differential as an option or standard on higher trims. The front axle is typically open, and a two-speed transfer case provides low-range gearing for off-road use.
To understand how this affects your truck’s capability, it helps to know what kinds of differentials are commonly found across the lineup and how to verify what a specific vehicle has. The Ram 1500 uses a combination of rear axle options and a multi-mode four-wheel-drive system, with variations by year and trim that can change what you’ll find from factory to factory.
Differential types by drivetrain
Overview of rear differential configurations and related drivetrain details you’re likely to encounter on a Ram 1500:
- 2WD Ram 1500: Rear differential is typically open (non-locking).
- 4x4 Ram 1500 (most trims): Rear differential is usually open as standard, with an electronically locking rear differential (E-locker) available on many trims or as part of a 4x4 package.
- Off-road oriented trims or packages: May include a factory electronic locking rear differential and/or a limited-slip rear differential as part of the setup; the front differential remains open in most configurations, with torque distribution managed by the transfer case and traction controls.
In practice, the rear electronic locking differential can be engaged to improve traction in low-traction conditions, while the front differential is typically open. A two-speed transfer case provides low-range gearing for rugged terrain.
Front differential and transfer case notes
Even with a locking rear differential, the front axle on most Ram 1500s remains open. The four-wheel-drive system is controlled by a transfer case that offers multiple modes (such as 4x4 Auto and 4x4 Low) to distribute torque between front and rear wheels depending on conditions.
How to verify your Ram 1500’s differential
Before you buy, or if you’re checking a used truck, confirm the exact setup with these steps:
- Check the vehicle’s window sticker or the owner's manual for the specified differential type (rear locker, LSD, etc.).
- Review the build sheet or VIN data from the dealer or manufacturer to see which differential option was installed.
- Look at the rear axle label on the differential cover (if accessible); this often lists the axle code, gear ratio, and whether a locker is present.
- Ask the dealer or consult online VIN decoders to confirm whether the vehicle includes an electronic locking rear differential or a limited-slip option.
Knowing the exact configuration helps with off-road planning, maintenance, and understanding how the truck will perform in slippery conditions or challenging terrain.
Summary
In short, the Ram 1500’s differential setup isn’t identical across the lineup. Most 2WD models use an open rear differential, while many 4x4 variants offer an electronic locking rear differential as an option or standard on higher trims. The front axle is typically open, and the system relies on a two-speed transfer case to provide low-range gearing for off-road use. Always verify the precise differential configuration on your specific vehicle via the window sticker, build sheet, or VIN information.
How do I identify my RAM differential?
If the ID tag or stamp is missing or unreadable, differentials can be identified by the number of cover bolts, the distinctive shape of the cover, the number of ring gear bolts, and ring gear diameter. They can also be identified by whether the center section is an integral or dropout design.
What year RAM 1500 5.7 to avoid?
Years to avoid for the 5.7L Hemi Ram 1500 include 2011-2012, primarily for "Hemi tick" and lifter issues, and 2014, due to reports of catastrophic steering failures. Other years to approach with caution are 2018-2019, due to electrical and infotainment system problems, and 2004 and 2013-2015, which have documented issues with engine stalling and transmission failures, respectively.
Years to be cautious of
- 2011-2012: Notorious for "Hemi tick" from failed lifters or other engine issues. 2011 also had reports of engine failure, MDS issues, and water pump failures.
- 2013-2015: Documented severe transmission failures, particularly in 2013 and 2015 models. 2015 also had numerous recalls and problems with its electrical, transmission, engine, and fuel systems.
- 2014: Several complaints have logged total steering loss, sometimes at highway speeds.
- 2018-2019: Reports of issues with electrical and infotainment systems are more common.
- 2004: Engine stalling issues persisted, and there were power train concerns.
What to look for in a reliable Hemi Ram 1500
- 2010: Generally has better engine reliability, though it was known for a weak engine combined with poor fuel economy.
- 2018 and newer: The 5.7L Hemi V-8 is considered more reliable in these years.
- 2020 and newer: Models have fewer issues than late 2010s versions.
- Ram 1500 Classic models: These are also reported to do well, having fewer complex systems than the redesigned 2019 and newer models.
Does RAM use Dana axles?
"The 2021 Ram 1500 TRX is an extremely capable on- and-off-road vehicle and we are proud to have been selected to provide our Dana 60 AdvanTEK axles to support its power and strength." The new axles will be assembled at Dana's facility in Dry Ridge, Kentucky.
Does my RAM 1500 have limited slip differential?
Whether your Ram 1500 has a limited-slip differential depends on its model year and original options. You can check for a limited-slip differential by looking for a tag on the rear axle, consulting the owner's manual, checking the VIN with a dealer, or performing a simple physical test by rotating the wheels when the rear is on jack stands.
Methods to check for a limited-slip differential
- Check the differential tag: Look for a sticker on the rear axle that may indicate the gear ratio and if it has a limited-slip (often labeled as "Limited Slip" or "LSD").
- Examine the owner's manual: The manual should specify the type of differential that came with your truck.
- Provide the VIN: A dealership service department can look up your truck's specific build information using your Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).
- Perform the wheel rotation test: With the rear wheels off the ground and the transmission in neutral, spin one rear wheel by hand.
- If the other wheel spins in the same direction, your truck likely has a limited-slip differential.
- If the other wheel spins in the opposite direction, it is likely an open differential.
- Perform a "burnout" or "brake stand": This method is less precise but can give an indication. If both rear tires spin, you likely have a limited-slip differential. If only one tire spins, it's probably an open differential.
