What kind of oil do subarus use?
Most Subarus use synthetic engine oil, typically 0W-20 for recent models. The exact specification depends on the model, year, and climate; always consult the owner's manual for your vehicle’s precise requirement.
Subaru’s oil guidance centers on a standard viscosity for modern engines, with allowances for alternative visibilities only when explicitly specified by the manufacturer. The following overview explains the typical expectations by engine family and how to verify the right oil for your car.
Oil types by Subaru engine family
Below are the general patterns you’ll encounter across Subaru engines. Always verify your model-year specifics in the manual or on the engine oil fill cap.
Modern FA/FB engines (current generation)
These are found in many recent Subaru models, including popular 2.0L and 2.5L variants. The standard recommendation is:
- 0W-20 synthetic oil is the default specification for most modern FA/FB engines.
For the exact specification, confirm with your owner’s manual or the oil cap on the engine.
Older EJ-series engines
Older Subaru models used a different set of recommendations, often reflecting the era’s standards. In many EJ-era vehicles, you will see:
- 5W-30 synthetic oil is commonly specified, with variations depending on climate and model year.
Some markets or specific manuals may allow 0W-20 or other viscosities; always check the manual and the oil cap for your exact requirement.
Turbocharged and high-performance variants
Performance-oriented Subarus (including turbocharged engines such as certain WRX variants) can have separate oil needs, often calling for higher-performance synthetics and a different viscosity range based on model and climate. Typical guidance includes:
- Often a synthetic oil in the 5W-30 to 5W-40 range, depending on the model year and climate.
Refer to the owner’s manual for the precise viscosity and specification for your turbo or performance model.
Practical steps to verify the exact oil specification
To ensure you run the correct oil, follow these steps:
- Check the owner’s manual for the exact viscosity and oil type (synthetic vs. synthetic blend) required for your vehicle.
- Look at the engine oil fill cap; it often lists the recommended viscosity and whether synthetic oil is required.
- Confirm the oil meets the API/ILSAC ratings specified by Subaru (e.g., SN or newer) and any other model-specific certifications.
- Choose a Subaru-approved or OEM-recommended oil to protect seals, the PCV system, and warranty terms.
If you’re unsure, contact a Subaru dealer or certified mechanic who can verify the specification for your exact model and year.
Tips for different climates and driving conditions
Environment and usage can influence the choice of oil beyond the base viscosity. In extremely cold climates, the lower end of the viscosity (like 0W-20) helps with cold starts; in hot climates or under heavy load, some models may specify a slightly higher viscosity within the allowed range. Always follow the guidance in your manual for your region and driving conditions.
Summary
In practice, Subarus predominantly rely on synthetic oil, with 0W-20 being the standard for many modern engines. Variations exist for older engines and turbo/performing models, and the exact specification depends on model year, engine family, climate, and driving conditions. The most reliable path is to consult the owner’s manual, check the oil fill cap, and use a Subaru-approved synthetic oil that meets the specified rating.
