Does my truck have struts or shocks?
The short answer is that most trucks have shocks, not struts, as part of their suspension system. Shocks and struts serve similar functions in a vehicle's suspension, but they have some key differences in their design and operation.
Understanding Shocks and Struts
Shocks and struts are both damping devices that are part of a vehicle's suspension system. Their primary role is to absorb the impact of bumps and uneven road surfaces, providing a smooth and comfortable ride. However, shocks and struts differ in their construction and how they are integrated into the suspension.
- Shocks are standalone damping units that are connected to the vehicle's suspension components, such as the control arms or the axle. They work independently of the vehicle's spring system.
- Struts combine the damping function with the spring function, and they are an integral part of the suspension system. Struts are typically found in the front suspension of vehicles, where they provide both shock absorption and support for the weight of the vehicle.
Trucks, with their heavier loads and more rugged suspension systems, generally use shocks rather than struts in their rear suspension. The front suspension of a truck may use either shocks or struts, depending on the specific model and design.
Identifying Shocks and Struts
To determine whether your truck has shocks or struts, you can visually inspect the suspension components. Shocks are typically cylindrical in shape and are connected to the suspension components with mounting brackets or bushings. Struts, on the other hand, have a more complex design that includes a coil spring wrapped around the damping unit.
If you're unsure, you can also consult your truck's owner's manual or speak with a qualified mechanic, who can provide a definitive answer based on the specific make, model, and year of your vehicle.
Do trucks have struts and shocks?
Every car and truck is suspended by a combination of springs, shocks, and struts. If you look behind any of your four wheels, you'll see these hard-working parts that move up and down, up to 1,900 times every mile.
Is it shocks or struts?
Struts and shocks both dampen suspension movement, but struts also serve as a structural part of the suspension that supports the vehicle's weight and affects alignment. Shocks are simpler, standalone components designed only to absorb and control the motion of the springs. Because of their structural role, struts are often more complex and expensive to replace and require an alignment afterward, while shock replacement is typically more straightforward and affordable.
You can watch this video to learn about the functions of shocks and struts: 54sCountermanYouTube · Sep 13, 2022
Struts
- Function: Damps suspension movement like a shock, but also supports the vehicle's weight and is a core structural component.
- Structure: An integrated assembly that includes a coil spring and the shock absorber. It takes the place of the upper control arm in some suspension designs.
- Replacement: More expensive due to their complexity and the fact that an alignment is required afterward.
Shocks
- Function: Damps the up-and-down movement of the suspension to prevent excessive bouncing. It does not support the vehicle's weight.
- Structure: A standalone component that works with the high-tension springs.
- Replacement: More affordable and quicker to replace since they are a simpler, separate part.
This video explains the functions of shocks and struts: 57sGears and GasolineYouTube · Oct 12, 2019
How to tell if you need a replacement
Regardless of whether your vehicle has shocks or struts, you may need a replacement if you experience:
- A bumpy or rough ride
- Excessive bouncing after hitting bumps
- Nose-diving while braking
- Uneven tire wear
- Fluid leaking from the component
- Decreased steering control or instability when braking
How do I know if my car has shocks or struts?
Check Your Owner's Manual.
The easiest way to find out whether you have shocks or struts or both is by referring to your vehicle's owner's manual. It will typically provide information about the type of suspension system installed in your vehicle.
What are the signs of a bad strut?
Symptoms of a bad strut include a bouncy or uncontrolled ride, excessive vehicle body roll or sway when cornering, and the vehicle nose-diving during braking. Other signs are visible fluid leaks from the strut, unusual noises like clunking or grinding, and uneven tire wear (cupping or scalloping).
Ride quality
- Excessive bouncing: The vehicle continues to bounce up and down more than once after hitting a bump.
- Body roll: The car leans or sways excessively when making turns.
- Nose-diving: The front end dips down significantly during hard braking.
- Rear squat: The back end of the vehicle squats or dips down when you accelerate.
Handling and performance
- Poor handling: The vehicle feels unstable or wobbly, especially at higher speeds.
- Longer stopping distance: It takes longer for your car to come to a complete stop.
- Vibrating steering wheel: A slight vibration may be normal, but a noticeable shake when driving on bumpy roads can indicate bad struts.
Visual and auditory signs
- Fluid leaks: Look for oil or fluid leaking from the strut's exterior, which can cause dirt and debris to accumulate around it.
- Unusual noises: Listen for sounds like clunking, knocking, grinding, or creaking, especially when going over bumps or turning.
- Uneven tire wear: Check your tires for signs of "cupping" or "scalloping," which can be caused by the tire bouncing on the road.
- Visible damage: Inspect for any visible dents or damage to the strut itself.
