How do I tell what type of brakes I have?

Knowing the type of brakes on your vehicle is important for maintenance, repairs, and understanding how your braking system works. There are a few different ways to determine the type of brakes you have, and this article will guide you through the process.

Identifying Brake Types

The two main types of brakes found on modern vehicles are disc brakes and drum brakes. Disc brakes use a rotor (disc) and caliper with brake pads that squeeze the rotor to slow the wheel. Drum brakes use a brake drum that encloses brake shoes, which expand outward to press against the inside of the drum.

• Look at the wheels: If you can see the brake rotor (a circular metal disc) through the wheel spokes, you have disc brakes. If you can only see the brake drum (a round metal enclosure), you have drum brakes.


• Check the owner's manual: Your vehicle's owner's manual should specify the type of brakes used on each axle.


• Inspect the brakes: You may be able to see the brake components by looking behind the wheels. Disc brakes have calipers with brake pads, while drum brakes have an enclosed drum.


• Listen for brake noises: Disc brakes may make a high-pitched squeal when the pads wear down, while drum brakes can make a grinding noise as the shoes wear.

Knowing the type of brakes on your vehicle can help you understand how they work, what maintenance they require, and what to expect during repairs or replacements.

Brake Maintenance and Repair

Proper maintenance is crucial for ensuring your brakes work effectively and safely. Regardless of the type, you should have your brakes inspected regularly by a qualified mechanic. They can check for wear, leaks, and other issues that may require repair or replacement of brake components.

If you need to replace your brakes, it's important to use the correct type of replacement parts designed for your vehicle's brake system. Mixing disc and drum brakes, or using the wrong size components, can compromise braking performance and safety.

How do I know what kind of brakes I have?

How to tell whether your brakes are drum or disc. To double-check, look through one of the holes in the top of your front wheel. If you see a shiny smooth metal surface, that is your disc rotor. However, if you see a rusty and not smooth round surface, that's your brake drum.

How do I tell if it's my brake pads or rotors?

You likely only need new brake pads if your rotors are smooth and even, and you only hear a high-pitched squeal when braking. You need new rotors, along with pads, if you feel a vibration in the steering wheel or brake pedal, hear a grinding or scraping noise, or see significant damage like deep grooves or a large lip on the edge of the rotor.
 
Signs you may only need new brake pads

• Squealing: A high-pitched squeal or "scrubbing" sound when you brake can indicate that the brake pads are getting thin and have wear indicators that are designed to make noise. 
• Pads are thick: When you visually inspect the pads, they are still well above the minimum thickness requirement. 

Signs you need new rotors (and likely new pads too) 

• Vibration: A shaking or pulsing sensation in the steering wheel or brake pedal when you brake is a classic sign of warped rotors. 
• Grinding or scraping: A loud grinding or scraping noise often means the brake pads have worn down to the metal and have damaged the rotor surface. 
• Visible damage: Check the rotor surface for deep grooves, score marks, or significant scoring. 
• Large lip: A noticeable lip or ridge on the outer edge of the rotor indicates excessive wear. 
• Discoloration: A blueish or dark discoloration on the rotor surface can be a sign of overheating, which can lead to warping. 

When in doubt, replace both

• If the rotors are significantly worn, grooved, or warped, replacing them is essential. New brake pads will not be able to properly seat on a damaged surface, which can lead to poor braking performance, reduced lifespan of the new pads, and vibration.
• It is generally recommended to replace rotors when replacing brake pads, especially if the rotors show any signs of wear, to ensure optimal braking performance and longevity. 

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Will the VIN number tell me the brake rotor size?

While a vehicle identification number (VIN) provides valuable information about your car's make, model, and production year, it typically does not include specific details such as brake rotor size.

How do I tell if my car has disc or drum brakes?

Look like an enclosed unit(drums). Rotors look like a disc and have a clamp looking unit sitting on them(calipers).