How much transmission fluid does it take to fill a transmission?

There isn’t a single number that fits every vehicle. Transmission fluid capacity depends on transmission type and the service method you’re performing. For many cars, a pan drain and refill uses roughly 4–7 quarts (about 4–7 liters), while a full change that includes the torque converter can require roughly 10–16 quarts (9–15 liters).

Transmissions vary widely by design—automatic, manual, and CVT (continuously variable transmissions) all have different capacities. The amount you need also depends on whether you’re draining just the pan or performing a full system drain. This article provides typical ranges and guidance on how to determine the exact figure for your vehicle.

Common scenarios for automatic transmissions

Note: The following ranges are typical for many automatic transmissions when performing common service procedures. They vary by model and whether you’re draining only the pan or performing a full system drain including the torque converter.

• Pan drain and refill: approximately 4–7 quarts (about 3.8–6.6 liters).


• Full fluid change (drain plus torque converter refill): roughly 10–16 quarts (about 9.5–15 liters).

Conclusion for this section: These figures cover the most common service methods, but your car’s exact capacity will differ. Always verify with official documentation or a dealer.

Manual transmissions and CVTs

Manual transmissions and CVTs have different capacities from standard automatics. Here are typical figures to guide planning.

• Manual transmissions: about 2–3 quarts (1.9–2.8 liters).


• CVTs (continuously variable transmissions): roughly 9–12 quarts (8.5–11.4 liters).

Conclusion: For manuals and CVTs, capacities are often lower or higher depending on vehicle design; always confirm for your model.

Key factors that affect capacity

Several factors influence the exact amount you’ll need:

• Transmission model and year


• Whether the fluid is being drained from the pan only or the entire system (including torque converter)


• Draining method (gravity drain vs. pump or flush)


• Use of transmission cooler lines and auxiliary circuits


• Final fill level requirements as specified by the manufacturer

Bottom line: Use the vehicle’s official specifications to determine the precise fill quantity and procedure.

How to determine the exact capacity for your vehicle

To get the precise number for your car, follow these steps:

1. Consult the owner's manual or service manual for the exact capacity and fill procedure.


2. Check a shop manual or the manufacturer's website for your specific transmission model.


3. Ask a dealer or qualified mechanic if you’re unsure; many vehicles have different capacities within the same model year by trim or transmission option.


4. Use the dipstick or level check procedure provided by the manufacturer to confirm the correct fill level after a drain or refill.

Note: If your vehicle requires a flush or professional transmission service, the technician will typically provide the exact quantities needed and ensure proper bleeding and leveling.

Summary

Transmission fluid capacity is not universal. It depends on whether you’re doing a pan drain or a full system change, and on whether the vehicle uses an automatic, manual, or CVT transmission. In general, plan for about 4–7 quarts for a pan drain/refill on an automatic, 10–16 quarts for a full system change, 2–3 quarts for a manual, and 9–12 quarts for a CVT. Always verify with the vehicle’s manual or a trusted mechanic to avoid under- or over-filling, which can damage the transmission.

Is 1 gallon of transmission fluid enough?

No, one gallon of transmission fluid is not enough for most vehicles, as a single gallon (444 quarts) is only sufficient for a few models. Most automatic transmissions require between 888 and 121212 quarts total, while a simple "drain and fill" typically replaces only a portion of the total fluid, usually requiring 3 to 6 quarts. 
This video explains how to check transmission fluid level: 52sScotty KilmerYouTube · Sep 5, 2022
Typical fluid amounts

• A simple drain and fill: This process removes and replaces only a portion of the total fluid, which is why you won't need the total capacity. For this type of service, you should plan to buy at least 5 quarts to ensure you have enough, as the exact amount needed can vary. It's often recommended to buy enough for two drain-and-fills so you can return what's left over. 
• A complete transmission flush: This is a more thorough process that can require up to 20 quarts of fluid or more, depending on the vehicle. 
• Total capacity: The total amount of fluid in a vehicle's transmission varies widely. Some small cars may only need 4 quarts, while larger trucks and SUVs can require up to 20 quarts. 

This video explains what to do if your transmission fluid is foamy: 1mHVAC Mechanic YouTube · May 25, 2023
How to ensure you have the right amount

• Check your owner's manual: This is the most reliable source for your vehicle's specific transmission fluid capacity and type. 
• Look up your vehicle's specifications: You can also find this information by searching online for your vehicle's make and model. 
• If unsure, buy extra: It's better to have too much than not enough. You can always return the unused fluid to the store. 

How much fluid does it take to fill a transmission?

Automatic transmissions typically hold 8–20 quarts, depending on vehicle size. Manual transmissions usually require 2–9 quarts of fluid. Transmission type, vehicle model, and fluid type affect capacity.

Is it better to overfill or underfill a transmission?

Neither overfilling nor underfilling transmission fluid is better; both are detrimental to your vehicle's transmission. Underfilling leads to overheating and improper lubrication, while overfilling can cause internal pressure buildup, fluid foaming, and damage to seals. The correct, manufacturer-recommended level is essential for proper operation and longevity. 
Underfilling

• Causes overheating: Not enough fluid means there isn't enough to cool the internal components. 
• Leads to improper lubrication: This can cause faster wear on moving parts. 
• Can lead to a loss of power: A lack of fluid can result in a loss of power and other permanent damage, notes Phillips Toyota. 

Overfilling

• Creates excess pressure: Too much fluid can build up pressure, which can cause seals and gaskets to fail and leak, says Greatstate Transmissions. 
• Causes foaming: The gears can splash the excess fluid, creating air bubbles and a foamy substance that reduces the fluid's ability to lubricate properly, according to Car From Japan. 
• Increases strain: Excess fluid can cause the transmission to work harder, leading to overheating and potential performance issues like slipping or clunky shifting, notes 515 Auto Repair. 

What to do

• Check your owner's manual: Always follow the specific instructions for your vehicle's make and model. 
• Use the correct method for checking: For most cars, this involves checking the fluid level with the engine running and the vehicle parked on a level surface. 
• If overfilled, have it fixed: A slight overfill might not cause immediate issues, but one quart or more usually requires draining some fluid. If you've significantly overfilled, it's best to have it professionally corrected to avoid potential long-term damage. 

Is 6 quarts of transmission fluid enough?

Replacing all of the fluid at once is unnecessary when performing a fluid change. Typically, 2-6 quarts of fluid should be enough when replacing the transmission fluid.