What AC does Subaru use?

Newer Subaru models generally use R-1234yf refrigerant, while older models typically used R-134a.

Context and regulatory background

Automotive air conditioning refrigerants are regulated due to environmental concerns. R-134a has a high global warming potential, while R-1234yf offers a much lower GWP and is standard for many new vehicles in regions including the United States and Europe. Subaru, like many manufacturers, transitioned to the newer refrigerant for most recently designed models to comply with these rules and reduce climate impact.

Before listing the differences, note that refrigerant choice affects servicing, safety considerations, and oil compatibility.

R-134a vs R-1234yf: key points

Here are the primary differences to consider when looking at Subaru AC refrigerants.

• R-134a (tetr fluor ethane) has been the long-used refrigerant in older Subaru vehicles; it has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of about 1430 and is non-flammable (ASHRAE classification A1).


• R-1234yf (tetrafluoropropene) is the newer refrigerant with a much lower GWP of about 4; it is mildly flammable (classified as A2L) and requires different lubrication and service equipment.


• Service implications: Do not mix refrigerants. If the vehicle requires R-1234yf, use the approved R-1234yf charger, fittings, and oil (generally POE oil). Older R-134a systems require R-134a oil, and retrofitting is not simply a direct swap.

Concluding: The move to R-1234yf aligns Subaru with evolving environmental standards, and while older Subarus still use R-134a, most new models rely on the lower-GWP refrigerant. Always verify the exact spec for your vehicle by checking the service label near the charge ports or the owner's manual.

Practical considerations for service and ownership

Before listing practical points, here is an overview of what owners should know when servicing Subaru A/C systems:

• Verify refrigerant type on your specific model and market by checking the service label on the A/C lines or the owner's manual.


• Use only the appropriate refrigerant and oil; mixing types can damage the compressor and reduce cooling efficiency.


• Have the system evacuated and leak-tested by a trained technician with proper recovery equipment, especially for R-1234yf, which has different safety requirements due to flammability concerns.


• Be aware that R-1234yf components may be more expensive and have slightly different service intervals and part availability than older R-134a systems.

In short, proper refrigerant handling and using the correct type ensures reliability, efficiency, and compliance with environmental rules. If in doubt, consult a Subaru dealer or a licensed automotive HVAC technician.

What this means for Subaru owners

In practical terms, the refrigerant choice influences cost, maintenance, and service logistics. Newer vehicles use R-1234yf, meaning shops need compatible equipment and training. If you own an older Subaru, you may still be dealing with R-134a. Always rely on certified service to avoid cross-contamination and to comply with environmental standards.

Summary

Subaru's air conditioning refrigerant use reflects a broader industry shift. Older Subarus typically used R-134a, while the majority of newer models are equipped with R-1234yf to reduce environmental impact. Servicing requires matching the refrigerant type, using correct oils, and following proper recovery procedures, underscoring the importance of professional maintenance. For the latest model-specific information, check your vehicle’s service label or consult a Subaru dealer.

When did Subaru start using 1234yf?

Honda and Subaru began to introduce the new refrigerant with the 2017 models. From 2017 to 2018, BMW changed all of its models to R-1234yf. As of 2018, 50% of new vehicles from original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are estimated to use R-1234yf.

Does my car use R-134a or R-1234yf?

Finding out which refrigerant your vehicle uses is easy with the help of A/C Pro®. The first place to look for this information is under the hood. Pop the hood and look for a label, which is usually white or bright yellow. On this it will either say “R-134a” or “R-1234yf,” and it may even say what the capacity is.

Which cars use R-1234yf refrigerant?

Most cars made after 2017 use R1234yf refrigerant, and it has been the standard for all new cars in the US since model year 2021. Major manufacturers like General Motors, Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ford, Toyota, and Subaru began transitioning to R1234yf as early as 2013-2014. To confirm which refrigerant your car uses, check the sticker under the hood, typically in the engine bay.
 
Manufacturers using R1234yf

• General Motors: Started using R1234yf in 2013 and was 100% converted by 2018.
• Chrysler, Dodge, and Jeep: Began transitioning around 2013.
• Ford: Transitioned around 2017.
• Toyota and Subaru: Also switched to R1234yf around 2017.
• Volkswagen Group: Has begun rolling out R1234yf in new vehicles.
• Honda: Also uses R1234yf in newer models. 

Why this change?

• Environmental reasons: R1234yf is a more environmentally friendly refrigerant with a lower global warming potential (GWP) compared to its predecessor, R134a. 
• Regulations: Regulatory bodies like the EPA have mandated its use in new vehicles. 

How to identify which refrigerant your car uses

• Check for a sticker in the engine bay or on the underside of the hood. 
• The sticker will indicate the type of refrigerant your A/C system uses. 
• You can also look for the shape of the service ports, which are different for R1234yf and R134a. 

What refrigerant does Subaru use?

R-134a
You can usually restore full performance by refilling the Subaru Outback refrigerant, and AutoZone has exactly what you need. Depending on the model year, this vehicle may use R-134a or R-1234yf.