What can I use instead of power steering fluid?
In many vehicles, a temporary substitute is automatic transmission fluid (ATF) if the owner’s manual allows it; however, you should verify the exact specification for your car to avoid damaging seals or pumps.
Power steering fluid choices vary by system. Some cars require a dedicated power steering fluid, others run on ATF, and a growing number of newer models use electric power steering that requires no hydraulic fluid at all. Always check the manufacturer’s guidance in your manual or with a dealer before filling or topping up.
Hydraulic vs. electric power steering: what this means for substitutes
Most cars with hydraulic power steering use a reservoir labeled “Power Steering” and a belt-driven pump. Electric power steering (EPS) systems, by contrast, do not rely on hydraulic fluid. The correct fluid—or the absence of it—depends on the system design and the vehicle maker’s specifications. If you’re unsure, consult the owner’s manual or a qualified mechanic before adding any fluid.
Common substitutes for hydraulic PSF
To help you understand options, here are the fluids most commonly accepted as substitutes in hydraulic PS systems when the manual allows it. Always confirm compatibility first.
- Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) – Choose the type specified by your vehicle’s manual, such as Dexron II/III, Dexron VI, Mercon, or ATF+4 for certain Mopar models.
- Dedicated power steering fluid (PSF) – Some manufacturers require a specific PSF formulation; if your manual calls for PSF, use that exact product to avoid seal damage.
- ATF+4 in Chrysler/Jeep designs – Some Chrysler-based systems specify ATF+4; verify before use.
Note: ATF is not a universal substitute. Using the wrong ATF type or substituting indefinitely can cause leaks, stiff steering, or pump wear. Do not mix fluids and avoid using engine oil or other lubricants as substitutes.
Fluids to avoid in hydraulic PS systems
These fluids should generally be avoided unless your manual explicitly approves them, as they can damage seals and pumps.
- Engine oil or motor oil
- Brake fluid
- Water or radiator coolant contaminants
- Non-approved hydraulic fluids or homemade mixtures
Using any of these can swell seals, degrade lubrication, and lead to steering failure. If your system is uncertain, stop driving and seek professional service.
What to do if you can’t source the recommended PSF
If you cannot obtain the exact fluid your vehicle requires, follow safe interim steps while you source the proper product.
- Check your owner’s manual or contact the dealer for the precise specification and compatibility.
- Source the correct PSF from an auto parts store or dealership; call ahead if you’re in a hurry.
- If you must top up temporarily and the manual allows ATF, use the specified ATF variant only, and do not mix with any remaining PSF.
- Inspect for leaks and have the system bled of air after topping up; if steering feels noisy, stiff, or there are whines, seek professional service.
With the correct product in place, the system should operate as designed and reduce the risk of damage.
Summary
Power steering fluid requirements vary by vehicle. The safest approach is to use the exact fluid specified by the manufacturer. A temporary substitute such as ATF may be acceptable on some models, but you should confirm with the manual. If your vehicle uses electric power steering, there may be no hydraulic fluid to replace. When in doubt, consult a mechanic to avoid costly damage.
