What is the ratio of Subaru AWD?
In Subaru's Symmetrical AWD, the baseline torque split is 50:50 between the front and rear axles in normal operation, but the actual distribution can vary by model and driving conditions.
Understanding the concept of the AWD ratio
The ratio refers to how engine torque is allocated between the front and rear wheels at any moment. Subaru designs its systems to keep weight balanced and traction stable, but the real-world split shifts in response to grip, slip, and the specific drivetrain setup in a given model.
Baseline split and dynamics
Across most Subaru passenger cars with Symmetrical AWD, the center differential is designed to keep front and rear torque close to equal under steady conditions. When wheel slip occurs, torque is redistributed toward the axle with better traction, making the effective front/rear ratio dynamic rather than fixed.
Model-specific variations
Different Subaru models use different center-differential designs, which affects how much bias they can apply between the front and rear wheels. The following points summarize typical behavior across common configurations.
- Most models with Symmetrical AWD: baseline toward a 50:50 front-to-rear torque split under normal driving.
- WRX STI with a Driver-Controlled Center Differential (DCCD): torque bias can be adjusted by the driver. In practice, the bias can range roughly from 41% front / 59% rear to about 57% front / 43% rear, with 50:50 as a central default in many modes.
- Older Subarus with a viscous center coupling: torque distribution shifts toward the axle with better grip when slip occurs, providing dynamic redistribution without direct driver control.
Note: Exact ranges and available settings vary by model year and trim. Always check your vehicle’s specifications for precise figures.
Implications for driving and handling
For everyday driving, the system aims for balanced handling with steady traction. In snow, rain, or slippery surfaces, the torque distribution adjusts to maximize grip, helping you maintain momentum and control. On performance-focused variants like the STI, drivers can influence the balance to suit track or high-traction conditions, within the system’s design limits.
Summary
Subaru’s AWD ratio is not a single fixed percentage. The typical baseline is about 50:50 front to rear, but the actual distribution is dynamic and model-dependent. Performance variants offer adjustable bias via equipment like the DCCD, while standard models rely on the center differential and traction control to shuttle torque where it’s most needed. In all cases, the goal is to provide balanced, confident all-wheel drive with improved grip across varying road conditions.
Is the Subaru all wheel drive 50/50?
Viscous center differential AWD
A 50:50 front and rear torque distribution is set under normal conditions. This maximizes traction and provides driving, backed with stability.
Is the Subaru AWD 60-40?
Most Subaru models with CVTs use Active Torque Split AWD, which monitors throttle input, wheel speed, yaw, and steering angle to determine how to distribute power. Under normal cruising, the system may favor a 60/40 front-rear split.
What are the downsides of Subaru AWD?
The rear differential is a critical part of the AWD system, so fluid leaks can result in increased friction, reduced lubrication, and loss of traction. Likewise, issues can arise with the center differential, creating a similar problem.
What is the ratio of Subaru all wheel drive?
First introduced in 1987 for the Subaru XT, the active torque split AWD variant uses an electronically controlled multi-plate transfer clutch for a default torque distribution of 60% front, 40% rear ratio.
