Where is the electric power steering located?
In most modern vehicles, the electric power steering (EPS) system is mounted near the steering mechanism, typically on the steering rack or integrated into the steering column. The exact location varies by vehicle design and manufacturer.
Common placements of EPS in today’s cars
EPS configurations fall into a few standard setups. The following list outlines where the motor and electronics are usually found:
- Rack-mounted EPS (R-EPS) — The electric motor attaches to the steering rack or gear housing, usually located in the engine bay near the front wheels. This is the most common arrangement on contemporary sedans and SUVs.
- Column-mounted EPS (C-EPS) — The motor sits on or inside the steering column, behind the steering wheel. The assist is transmitted along the steering shaft to the rack.
- Integrated or compact modules — In some designs, the motor and control electronics are integrated into a compact module near the steering gear or under the dashboard, with wiring to a nearby control unit.
Despite these general patterns, exact placement depends on the make and model, and some newer or specialized designs may use variations or combinations of these configurations.
How to identify EPS location on your vehicle
To determine where EPS resides on a specific vehicle, you can consult the owner’s manual, inspect the area around the steering rack and column, or look for a small electric motor and related electronics supporting the steering system. The EPS motor is typically visible as a compact electrical unit mounted to the rack or tucked along the steering column behind panels or under the dash.
Note that EPS systems are sensitive electrical assemblies. If you’re planning any maintenance or inspection, follow the vehicle manufacturer’s instructions and consider professional service if you’re uncertain.
Maintenance and safety considerations
Because EPS relies on electrical components and sensors, proper handling is important. Always disconnect the vehicle battery before performing work near the steering system, and use the official service manual as your guide. If the steering feels unusually stiff, noisy, or inconsistent, have a qualified technician diagnose the EPS rather than attempting DIY fixes.
Summary
Electric power steering is generally located near the steering mechanism, most often mounted on the steering rack (rack-mounted) or on the steering column (column-mounted). Some designs place the motor in a compact module near the gear or dash. The exact placement varies by vehicle make and model, but the goal is the same: provide assist to steering through an electrically powered motor controlled by sensors and an electronic control unit. As automotive design evolves, rack-mounted configurations remain the prevalent standard, with occasional column-mounted or integrated variants.
What to do if electric power steering goes out?
Immediate actions to stay safe when power steering fails while driving: Stay calm and maintain firm two-handed grip on the steering wheel. Steering will be heavier but still possible. Keep vehicle under control: Reduce speed gradually by easing off the accelerator; avoid sudden braking unless necessary.
Where is the electric power steering motor located?
steering column
In most vehicles, the electric power steering motor is located within the steering column, meaning the EPS is considered part of the steering column assembly. This design is often referred to as column-assist EPS where the motor is mounted directly on the steering column itself.
How much does it cost to fix EPS?
EPS (electric power steering) repair costs vary significantly based on the specific problem, ranging from a $100–$300 minor fix to a $530–$1,550 full steering column replacement. Costs for individual components can include $300–$800 for an EPS motor or $700–$2,420 for a rack and pinion replacement, with labor and specific vehicle models impacting the final price.
Repair cost breakdown for electric power steering (EPS)
- Minor fixes: $100–$300
- EPS motor replacement: $300–$800
- Full steering column replacement: $530–$1,550
- Power steering rack replacement: $710–$2,420 (often includes a wheel alignment)
- Electric power steering rack replacement: Up to $1,700 or more, depending on labor rates and the need for reprogramming
Factors that influence cost
- Vehicle make and model: Luxury or large vehicles often have more expensive parts.
- Parts used: The cost can vary depending on whether you use OEM (original equipment manufacturer) parts, aftermarket parts, or a used pump.
- Labor rates: Labor costs vary by location and the complexity of the repair.
- Additional services: A rack and pinion replacement, for example, will require a subsequent wheel alignment, adding to the total cost.
- Severity of the issue: A simple fix like a fluid top-off is much cheaper than a complete system replacement.
What are common EPS problems?
Electric power steering (EPS) systems can encounter several issues that affect your vehicle's handling. Common problems include sensor malfunctions and wiring failures, which often lead to stiffness or loss of assist.
