Do I really need to change power steering fluid?

Yes, for most vehicles with hydraulic power steering, periodic fluid changes help protect the pump and steering components. Electric power steering systems, by contrast, do not require routine fluid changes. Always check your owner’s manual for the exact interval and fluid specification.

What power steering fluid does and how it works

Power steering fluid is a hydraulic fluid that lubricates, cools, and transmits pressure to assist steering. In hydraulic systems, contaminants or degraded fluid can wear seals, wear pumps, and make steering feel rough or noisy. Some newer vehicles use electric power steering (EPAS), which uses an electric motor rather than fluid pressure, and those systems don’t require regular fluid changes. If your car specifies a particular fluid type (often a Dexron/ATF variant or a dedicated PS fluid), use exactly that fluid and avoid mixing different kinds, which can damage seals and seals or hoses.

Do you always need to change it?

Here are the main considerations for deciding whether and when to service your power steering fluid.

• The typical service window for hydraulic power steering is variable by make and model, but many vehicles fall in the range of roughly 50,000–100,000 miles (or about 3–5 years). Some newer cars, especially with sealed systems, have longer or less frequent service recommendations; always consult the owner's manual.


• Look for signs that the fluid needs attention: dark, dirty, or burnt-smelling fluid; foaming; whining or groaning from the pump; stiff or hard-to-turn steering; or visible leaks around the reservoir or hoses.


• Fluid type matters: many vehicles use ATF-type fluid (Dexron/Mercon variants) as the power steering fluid, while others require a dedicated PS fluid. Do not mix fluids from different categories, and always use the specification recommended by the manufacturer.


• In some cars, particularly newer models with sealed hydraulic systems, the manufacturer may advise against routine fluid changes unless there is a problem or contamination. In such cases, a service professional should assess whether a change is appropriate.

Conclusion: Whether you need a fluid change depends on your vehicle’s design and maintenance schedule. For most traditional hydraulic systems, following the manual and addressing symptoms early will keep the steering reliable. Electric power steering systems generally do not require a fluid-change interval.

How to change or flush safely

These guidelines describe common methods and precautions. Always prioritize the procedure recommended by your vehicle’s manual and consider professional service if you’re unsure.

• Determine the correct fluid type and have the replacement fluid ready. Do not mix fluids or use a fluid not specified for your system. Gather PPE and a suitable catch container for old fluid.


• Drain or flush the system: you can perform a drain-and-fill by removing old fluid from the reservoir and refilling with fresh fluid, then cycle the steering from lock-to-lock to bleed air. A full flush using a dedicated machine can replace most or all of the old fluid, but it may dislodge debris; follow the equipment’s instructions and monitor for leaks afterward.


• After filling or flushing, start the engine and move the steering from side to side several times with the wheels on the ground to bleed air. Recheck the level and top up if needed; inspect for leaks around the reservoir, hoses, and pump.


• If you notice unusual noise, foaming, or a return to hard steering after a service, stop and consult a technician. Incorrect fluids or improper bleeding can cause more harm than good.

Conclusion: Changing power steering fluid requires careful attention to fluid type, bleeding the system properly, and ensuring there are no leaks. If the procedure seems daunting or the vehicle is under warranty, a professional service is advisable.

Is my car’s steering system electric or hydraulic?

Many modern cars use electric power steering (EPAS), which relies on an electric motor rather than hydraulic fluid pressure. EPAS systems typically do not require regular fluid changes. If your vehicle is EPAS, refer to the manual for any maintenance that may affect the steering system and be aware that there may be sensors or belts to check rather than a fluid service.

How to check the level and condition of power steering fluid

Periodically inspect the fluid to decide whether a change is needed. Use these steps as a quick reference, but always follow your manual for exact procedures and limits.

1. Park on level ground, with the engine off. Locate the power steering fluid reservoir (the location varies by model).


2. Open the reservoir cap (wear gloves if the fluid is hot). Wipe the dipstick or sight line clean to read the level accurately.


3. Check the color and smell: healthy fluid is usually clear to reddish; very dark, cloudy, or burnt-smelling fluid indicates contamination or degradation.


4. If the level is low, add the recommended fluid slowly up to the specified mark, then check again after starting the engine and turning the wheel from lock to lock to bleed air.


5. Look for leaks around the reservoir, hoses, and pump. If you notice leaks, address them promptly and consider a service.

Conclusion: Regular checks help catch issues early. Use the correct fluid type, avoid overfilling, and bleed air after any service to maintain steering performance.

Summary

In most vehicles with hydraulic power steering, changing the fluid at manufacturer-recommended intervals helps protect the pump and steering components and can improve steering feel. Vehicles with electric power steering generally do not require fluid changes. Always verify the exact fluid specification and service interval in the owner’s manual, watch for symptoms of degraded fluid, and consider professional service if you’re unsure about the procedure or compatibility. Proper maintenance keeps steering smooth and reliable.

How long can you go without changing power steering fluid?

How Often Should You Change Power Steering Fluid? The replacement interval can vary based on the type of vehicle you drive and the fluid it uses. However, the general interval to change the fluid is at least every two years to four years, and sometimes more often. This equates to about every 30,000 to 50,000 miles.

Is it okay to mix old and new power steering fluid?

Yes, you can add new power steering fluid to old fluid, but it's best to replace it entirely to avoid potential issues. Adding new fluid can be a temporary solution, but mixing old and new fluids can lead to decreased steering performance or premature wear over time. 
Why replacing is better

• Degraded performance: Old fluid can become contaminated with moisture and wear particles, and its lubrication properties can degrade. Mixing can lead to decreased efficiency.
• Component wear: Incompatible fluids can cause premature wear on components like the pump and seals.
• Fluid types matter: Not all power steering fluids are interchangeable. Mixing different types could cause chemical reactions, such as turning the fluid into a jelly-like substance.
• Potential leaks: Different fluids can damage seals, leading to leaks. 

How to add new fluid temporarily

• Check your owner's manual: First, identify the correct type of power steering fluid for your vehicle. Using the wrong type is a common cause of pump failure. 
• Siphon out old fluid: Use a turkey baster or siphon to remove as much of the old, dark fluid as you can from the reservoir. 
• Add new fluid: Fill the reservoir with the new, correct fluid, but do not overfill. 
• Circulate and repeat: Start the engine and turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times to mix the new fluid with any remaining old fluid. Then, repeat the siphoning and refilling process until the fluid being pumped out is close to the color of the new fluid. 

This video demonstrates how to replace power steering fluid: 1mYour Home GarageYouTube · Jun 26, 2023

How much does a power steering flush cost?

A power steering flush typically costs between $75 and $250, with an average falling around $172 to $204. The price depends on your vehicle's make and model, the type of fluid required, and whether the service is performed by a professional or a DIY job, which can cost significantly less in parts. 
Cost breakdown

• Professional Service: The price range of $75 to $250 generally includes both the fluid and labor costs from a mechanic. 
• DIY: If you have the technical skills, you can perform the flush yourself and save on labor. The cost of the fluid itself is much lower, sometimes around $10 to $30 for the correct type and amount. 
• Factors that influence cost:
  • Vehicle type: Some modern vehicles require specialized fluids that are more expensive, which can increase the total cost. 
  • Labor: This is a significant portion of the cost, with hourly rates varying between shops and dealerships. 
  • Additional repairs: If the flush is being done due to damage or contamination, the cost will be higher as it will include the cost of replacement parts, like the power steering pump or hoses. 

Is changing power steering fluid necessary?

Yes, power steering fluid needs to be changed periodically because it can become contaminated and lose its effectiveness over time, which can damage the steering system. The fluid should be changed according to your owner's manual's recommendation, or when you notice symptoms like dark or burnt-smelling fluid, difficulty steering, or whining noises when turning. 
This video explains why changing power steering fluid is important and shows how to do it: 1mScotty KilmerYouTube · Dec 19, 2017
Reasons to change power steering fluid

• Contamination: Over time, dirt, metal particles, and other contaminants can build up in the fluid, making it abrasive and less effective. 
• Component protection: Clean fluid lubricates the power steering pump, rack, and seals. Contaminated fluid can lead to premature wear and damage, potentially causing costly repairs. 
• System performance: Old fluid can make steering feel stiff or difficult, and can cause noises like whining when you turn the wheel. 

Signs that your power steering fluid needs changing

• The fluid appears dark brown or black instead of its original color (usually clear, red, or light pink). 
• You hear whining or groaning noises when you turn the steering wheel. 
• The steering wheel feels stiff or is more difficult to turn than usual. 
• The fluid has a burnt smell. 

You can watch this video to learn how to check power steering fluid: 40sClassic Car MaintenanceYouTube · Jun 20, 2025
How often to change it

• Check your vehicle's owner's manual for the manufacturer's specific recommendation, as intervals can vary. 
• A common interval is every 30,000 to 50,000 miles or every two to five years, but this can be different for your car. 
• It's especially important to change it if you plan to keep your car for a long time.