Is it illegal to flat tow a truck?
Not inherently illegal in most places, but legality depends on jurisdiction and following safety rules and manufacturer guidance.
Flat towing a truck behind another vehicle raises questions about state or national rules, manufacturer guidance, and safety requirements such as braking, lighting, and weight limits. This article reviews how laws typically apply, what to check in manuals, and practical steps to tow legally and safely.
Legal landscape: where it is legal or restricted
United States
In the United States, flat towing is generally allowed, but states regulate how towed vehicles must be equipped and lit. Many states require a working braking system on the towed vehicle if it exceeds a weight threshold or if it will be towed a certain distance. States also differ on lighting, turn signals, and maximum tow speeds. Always consult your state’s DMV or motor vehicle code and the vehicle manufacturers’ towing recommendations before proceeding.
Canada
In Canada, towing rules are provincial. Provinces typically require proper lighting and may require a separate braking system on heavier towed vehicles. Vehicle manufacturers also publish flat-tow guidance; ignoring it can affect insurance coverage and liability in the event of an accident.
Europe and other regions
Across Europe and other regions, towing rules vary by country but generally emphasize safe equipment, braking, and signaling for towed vehicles. Always check the local traffic laws and insurance requirements before flat towing a truck.
Note that laws can change and exceptions apply, especially for commercial operations or heavy-duty towing. Verify with local authorities and the truck’s manufacturer.
Safety and manufacturer guidance
To understand what you can and cannot do, review common safety and manufacturer guidance before attempting a flat tow.
- Check both vehicles’ owners’ manuals for flat-tow suitability and any prohibitions or special procedures (for example: automatic transmissions may not be towable, or require engine to be running or the driveshaft disconnected).
- Use the proper towing equipment: a certified tow bar or dolly, safety chains, and a lighting/braking connection so the towed vehicle’s lights and brakes mirror the towing vehicle’s.
- Ensure the towed vehicle’s brakes are functional if required by law or weight; many jurisdictions require brakes on towed vehicles above a weight threshold or distance.
- Verify weight ratings: towing vehicle payload, gross vehicle weight rating, and the towed vehicle’s weight; ensure the combination stays within limits.
- Address brake and signal synchronization: ensure the towed vehicle’s brake lights, turn signals, and running lights work in coordination with the tow vehicle.
- Practice safe driving: maintain adequate following distance, drive at reduced speeds in adverse conditions, and avoid abrupt maneuvers.
These items cover the essential safety and regulatory considerations you’re likely to encounter when flat towing a truck.
Practical steps to tow legally and safely
To prepare for a flat tow, follow these steps in order:
- Consult both vehicles’ manuals to confirm flat-tow compatibility and any special procedures.
- Decide on towing equipment (tow bar, dolly, or other) appropriate for both vehicles, considering drivetrain design (2WD vs 4x4) and transmission type.
- Check the towing vehicle’s ratings and ensure the combined weight, including tongue weight, stays within limits.
- Install and test lighting and braking connections so the towed vehicle’s lights and brakes operate with the tow vehicle as required by law.
- Verify the towed vehicle’s transmission position or driveshaft configuration per manufacturer instructions (often neutral or disconnected) before towing.
- Inspect the setup and conduct a test drive in a safe area before proceeding on public roads, carrying spare parts and contact information for roadside assistance.
Following these steps helps ensure legality and safety when flat towing a truck.
Summary
Flat towing a truck is not inherently illegal, but it is governed by regional laws, manufacturer guidelines, and proper equipment requirements. Always verify the rules in your jurisdiction, consult the manufacturers’ recommendations, and ensure you have functioning brakes, lights, and appropriate towing gear before proceeding. With careful planning, flat towing can be legal and safe.
