Is my Subaru always in all-wheel drive?
In most Subarus, all-wheel drive is effectively always on. The Symmetrical AWD system continuously distributes power to all four wheels and adjusts torque as needed for traction. However, there are important exceptions and nuances, such as the BRZ, which is built as a rear-wheel-drive car. Here’s what you need to know about how Subaru AWD works, how to tell if it’s active, and what to expect in different models.
How Subaru's Symmetrical AWD works
Subaru markets its AWD as a single, consistent drivetrain concept called Symmetrical AWD. The system uses a center differential and a drivetrain layout that aims to keep weight balanced and power flowing to all wheels. It is designed to be on by default and to respond automatically to changing road conditions, rather than requiring the driver to lock or switch into a different mode.
- Symmetrical AWD is standard on most Subaru models and is designed to be active all the time, providing traction in a variety of conditions without user intervention.
- The system uses a center differential (and, in some generations, a torque-splitting mechanism) to send torque to the front and rear axles as needed, helping maintain grip on slippery surfaces.
- There is usually no dedicated “2WD” mode on these models; the system remains capable of delivering power to all wheels, with torque bias shifting as needed.
- Many Subarus offer additional traction tools like X-Mode to optimize throttle, transmission, and AWD behavior for specific conditions (snow, mud, or deep snow), but these are driving aids rather than a separate 2WD vs. AWD toggle.
In short, Subaru’s AWD is designed to be active and adaptive rather than a simple on/off state. The system works in concert with stability controls to help maintain stability and grip, especially in adverse weather.
Is my Subaru always in AWD?
For the vast majority of Subaru models, the answer is yes in practice: the car is always capable of delivering power to all four wheels and does so automatically as driving conditions require. There is generally no driver-accessible 2WD mode to disengage AWD on most models. The notable exception is the Subaru BRZ, which is specifically engineered as a rear-wheel-drive sports coupe and does not use the Symmetrical AWD system.
Beyond that notable exception, the behavior you experience can vary by model, year, and configuration. Some models may feel front-wheel-biased during gentle acceleration on dry pavement, with more torque being sent to the rear wheels when needed for traction. Modern Subarus also integrate AWD with advanced traction and stability controls for enhanced safety in rain, snow, and ice.
Model-by-model reality
The exact drivetrain setup can vary across Subaru’s lineup. Here is a general guide to what you can expect, though you should always verify your specific trim in the owner's manual or at the dealership.
- Subaru Outback, Forester, Crosstrek, Legacy, Impreza, and Ascent: Symmetrical AWD is standard and active by design, with torque distributed between front and rear as needed.
- WRX: All-wheel drive is standard and tuned for performance handling, with traction management integrated into the driving experience.
- BRZ: Rear-wheel drive (not AWD), designed for a purist sports driving feel.
- Solterra (Subaru/Toyota electric collaboration): All-wheel drive is a core part of the platform, with electric torque-vectoring assistance in some trims.
Always check your vehicle’s badge, owner’s manual, or the window sticker to confirm the exact drivetrain for your model and trim. If you’re unsure, a quick call to a Subaru dealership can confirm whether your specific vehicle uses AWD and how it behaves.
Practical tips about Subaru AWD
To get the most from Subaru AWD in everyday use, keep these notes in mind:
- AWD is designed to help with traction, not to replace cautious driving on slick roads. Drive according to conditions and reduce speed on ice or snow.
- X-Mode and other traction aids can improve performance in low-grip conditions but don’t create a guarantee of traction on ice.
- Regular maintenance matters. Differential fluids (and any AWD-specific maintenance) should be performed per the manufacturer’s schedule to keep the system functioning properly.
In summary, Subarus are built with AWD to enhance safety and stability across a range of conditions, and for most models it operates continuously in the background. The BRZ remains the primary exception in the lineup, as it is not AWD by design.
Summary
Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD is designed to be a constant, ready-to-activate system that automatically distributes power to all four wheels as needed. For most drivers, this means you effectively ride with AWD on at all times, without a manual on/off control. The BRZ is the notable exception, since it is a rear-wheel-drive car. If you’re unsure about your exact model’s drivetrain, check the owner’s manual or ask your dealer—the drivetrain details can vary by trim and year.
